Energy spectrum of tau leptons induced by the high energy Earth-skimming neutrinos

Tseng, Jie Jun; Yeh, Tsung‐Wen; Athar, H.; Huang, M. A.; Lee, Fei Fain; Lin, Guey-Lin

doi:10.1103/physrevd.68.063003

Cited by 38 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…is the τ -lepton flux emerging from the Earth due to (unabsorbed) ν τ interactions inside the Earth for incoming φ ν = φ ν WB and σ νN = σ SM [21].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle Physics on Ice: Constraints on Neutrino Interactions Far above the Weak Scale

2006

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Ultra-high energy cosmic rays and neutrinos probe energies far above the weak scale. Their usefulness might appear to be limited by astrophysical uncertainties; however, by simultaneously considering up-and down-going events, one may disentangle particle physics from astrophysics. We show that present data from the AMANDA experiment in the South Pole ice already imply an upper bound on neutrino cross sections at energy scales that will likely never be probed at man-made accelerators. The existing data also place an upper limit on the neutrino flux valid for any neutrino cross section. In the future, similar analyses of IceCube data will constrain neutrino properties and fluxes at the O(10%) level. Ultra-high energy cosmic rays have been observed with energies above 10 10 GeV, implying collisions with terrestrial protons at center-of-mass energies above 100 TeV. Ultra-high energy cosmic neutrinos, so far undetected, are expected to accompany these cosmic rays. These cosmic neutrinos are especially interesting, because their known interactions are so weak that they are highly sensitive to new interactions at energies far above the weak scale, where new interactions are expected in many extensions of the standard model (SM) of particle physics. In addition, ultra-high energy neutrinos are unique messengers, as they are expected to escape from (and point back to) even the most dense astrophysical sources.The promise of ultra-high energy neutrinos might appear to be severely limited by astrophysical uncertainties. Event rates constrain only a combination of fluxes and cross sections, and so astrophysical uncertainties cloud particle physics implications and vice versa. However, the event rates for up-and down-going neutrinos depend differently on neutrino cross sections [1,2]. By combining both up-and down-going data one may therefore disentangle particle physics from astrophysics and constrain both the properties of astrophysical sources and the interactions of neutrinos far above the weak scale.Here we consider neutrino telescopes operating under ice at the South Pole [3,4]. We show that current data from the AMANDA South Pole telescope [5] already significantly constrain neutrino cross sections at center-ofmass energies √ s ≈ 6 TeV, and future data will provide O(10%) determinations. These results will be complemented [6] by future data from the Pierre Auger Observatory [7]. The energies probed are far above the HERA domain √ s ≃ 500 GeV, the highest accelerator energy at which even indirect tests of neutrino cross sections have been made.Simple parton model predictions for neutrino-nucleon cross sections [8] may be suppressed, for example, by saturation effects at small x [9]. Such effects have been proposed to slow down the power law scaling of cross section with neutrino energy to comply with the Froissart bound [10]. On the other hand, neutrino cross sections may also be enhanced, for example, by the exchange of towers of Kaluza-Klein gravitons [11], black hole production [2,12], TeV-scale string excitations ...

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“…is the τ -lepton flux emerging from the Earth due to (unabsorbed) ν τ interactions inside the Earth for incoming φ ν = φ ν WB and σ νN = σ SM [21].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle Physics on Ice: Constraints on Neutrino Interactions Far above the Weak Scale

2006

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“…3 the tau lepton range in standard rock, ρ = 2.6 g/cm 3 is shown for the parameter set β B based on calculations reported in [23]. One can see that the tau lepton range R τ is of the order of about 10 km at 1 EeV.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of up- and down-going neutrino induced showers at the site of the Pierre Auger Observatory

Góra

Roth²,

Tamburro

2008

Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements

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Abstract-We present a study about the possibility to detect neutrino induced extensive air showers at the Pierre Auger Observatory. The Monte Carlo simulations performed take into account the details of the neutrino propagation inside the Earth, the air as well as the surrounding mountains which are modelled by a digital elevation map. Details on the sensitivity with respect to the incoming direction as well as the aperture and the total observable event rates are calculated on the basis of various assumptions of the incoming neutrino flux.

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“…The τ leptons are losing energy during their propagation. There is discussion on energy loss of τ leptons in [21]. The energy loss by τ leptons due to ionization is negligible compared to the other processes e.g.…”

Section: Appendix Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are discussions on propagation of tau neutrinos through the Earth and their event rates in detectors in a series of recent papers [18,19,20,21,22,23]. The procedure we have followed to calculate the probability of τ lepton emission from the surface of the Earth has been discussed in APPENDIX C. The area on the surface of the Earth, which would be covered by the field of view of Multi-OWL, would act as the effective target area for the upward going tau neutrinos.…”

Section: Propagation Of Uhe Neutrinos Through the Earthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospect of determining the Dirac/Majorana state of the neutrino by a Multi-OWL experiment

Gupta

Mani

2005

J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys.

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We consider the non-radiative two body decay of a neutrino to a daughter neutrino with degraded energy and a very light particle (Majoron). Ultrahigh energy neutrinos from an astrophysical source like a Gamma Ray Burst undergoing this decay process are found to produce different number of events in the detector depending on whether they are Majorana or Dirac particles. The next generation large scale experiments like Multi-OWL is expected to provide us an accurate determination of the flux of neutrinos from astrophysical sources and this may enable us to distinguish between the Dirac and Majorana nature of neutrino.

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Energy spectrum of tau leptons induced by the high energy Earth-skimming neutrinos

Cited by 38 publications

References 25 publications

Particle Physics on Ice: Constraints on Neutrino Interactions Far above the Weak Scale

Particle Physics on Ice: Constraints on Neutrino Interactions Far above the Weak Scale

Simulation of up- and down-going neutrino induced showers at the site of the Pierre Auger Observatory

Prospect of determining the Dirac/Majorana state of the neutrino by a Multi-OWL experiment

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