Energy spectrum of cosmic protons and helium nuclei by a hybrid measurement at 4300 m a.s.l.

Bartoli, B.; Bernardini, P.; Bi, X. J.; Bolognino, I.; Branchini, P.; Budano, A.; Melcarne, A. K. Calabrese; Camarri, P.; Cao, Z.; Cardarelli, R.; Catalanotti, S.; Chen, S. Z.; Chen, T. L.; Creti, P.; Cui, S. W.; Dai, B. Z.; D’Amone, A.; Danzengluobu,; Mitri, I. De; Piazzoli, B. D’Ettorre; Girolamo, T. Di; Sciascio, G. Di; Feng, C.; Feng, Z.; Feng, Z. Y.; Gou, Q. B.; Guo, Y. Q.; He, H. H.; Hu, Haibing; Hu, Hongbo; Iacovacci, M.; Iuppa, R.; Jia, H. Y.; Labaciren,; Li, H. J.; Liguori, G.; Liu, C.; Liu, J.; Liu, M. Y.; Lü, H.; L., L.; H., X.; Mancarella, G.; Mari, Stefano Maria; Marsella, G.; Martello, D.; Mastroianni, S.; Montini, P.; Ning, C. C.; Panareo, M.; Panico, B.; Perrone, L.; Pistilli, P.; Ruggieri, F.; Salvini, P.; Santonico, R.; Sbano, S. N.; Shen, P. R.; Sheng, X. D.; Shi, Feng; Surdo, A.; Tan, Y. H.; Vallania, P.; Vernetto, S.; Vigorito, C.; Wang, H.; Wu, C. Y.; Wu, H. R.; Xue, L.; Yang, Q. Y.; Yang, X. C.; Yao, Z. G.; Yuan, A. F.; Zha, M.; Zhang, H. M.; Zhang, L.; Zhang, X. Y.; Zhang, Y.; Zhao, J. W.; Zhaxiciren,; Zhaxisangzhu,; Zhou, X. X.; Zhu, F. R.; Zhu, Q. Q.; Zizzi, G.; Bai, Y.; Chen, M. J.; Chen, Y.; Feng, S. H.; Gao, Bo; Gu, M. H.; Hou, Chao; Li, X. X.; Liu, J.; Liu, J. L.; Wang, X.; Xiao, G. C.; Zhang, B. K.; Zhang, S. S.; Zhou, Bin; Zuo, Xin

doi:10.1088/1674-1137/38/4/045001

Cited by 38 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…A clear knee structure is observed around 700 TeV. The p+He spectra by CREAM [14], ARGO-YBJ [6] and the hybrid experiment [20] below the knee, the spectra by Tibet AS [21] and KASCADE [22] above the knee are shown for comparison. In our result, the error bar is the statistical error, and the shaded area represents the systematic uncertainty [23] for details).…”

Section: Cosmic Ray Anisotropymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…-Hybrid Analysis. It combines the data coming from ARGO-YBJ and a wide field of view Cerenkov telescope [9,10].…”

Section: Cosmic Ray Energy Spectrummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The difference between the observed number of events (see Table I) and the expectation from a single power-law spectrum corresponds to a deficit with a statistical significance of 4.2 standard deviations. To see if any artificial feature could have been produced in our H&He spectra by CREAM [7], ARGO-YBJ [16] and the hybrid experiment [18] below the knee, the spectra by Tibet AS γ [9] and KASCADE [10] above the knee are shown for comparison. In our result, the error bar is the statistical error, and the shaded area represents the systematic uncertainty.…”

Section: Cosmic Ray Anisotropymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cosmic ray physics with ARGO-YBJ

Montini

2016

Nuclear and Particle Physics Proceedings

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The ARGO-YBJ experiment has been in stable data taking for more than five years at the Yangbajing cosmic ray observatory (Tibet, P.R. China, 4300 m a.s.l.). The detector collected about 5 × 10 11 events in a wide energy range from few TeVs up to the PeV region. In this work we summarize the latest results in cosmic ray physics particularly focusing on the cosmic ray energy spectrum. The results of the measurement of the allparticle and proton plus helium energy spectra in the energy region between 10 12 − 10 16 eV are discussed. A precise measurement of the cosmic ray energy spectrum and composition in this energy region allows a better understanding of the origin of the knee and provides a powerful cross-check among different experimental techniques.

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Section: Cosmic Ray Anisotropymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…-Hybrid Analysis. It combines the data coming from ARGO-YBJ and a wide field of view Cerenkov telescope [9,10].…”

Section: Cosmic Ray Energy Spectrummentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cosmic Ray Anisotropymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cosmic ray physics with ARGO-YBJ

Montini

2016

Nuclear and Particle Physics Proceedings

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“…production mechanisms, an upper energy limit of galactic accelerators, an energy dependant cosmic ray composition, the presence of cutoffs in the transportation of cosmic rays. Spectral measurements in the knee region are derived from data collected by ground-based shower detectors [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] whose reliability would benefit greatly if direct, above the earth's atmosphere, measurements in the PeV region were to be made available. As shown in figure 1, such a measurement faces enormous challenges due to the extremely low flux of expected particles at those energies (1 particle per m 2 per year).…”

Section: Introduction and Detector Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

The CALOCUBE project for a space based cosmic ray experiment: design, construction, and first performance of a high granularity calorimeter prototype

Adriani¹,

Albergo²,

Auditore³

et al. 2019

J. Inst.

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A : Current research in High Energy Cosmic Ray Physics touches on fundamental questions regarding the origin of cosmic rays, their composition, the acceleration mechanisms, and their production. Unambiguous measurements of the energy spectra and of the composition of cosmic rays at the "knee" region could provide some of the answers to the above questions. So far only ground based observations, which rely on sophisticated models describing high energy interactions in the earth's atmosphere, have been possible due to the extremely low particle rates at these energies.A calorimetry based space experiment that could provide not only flux measurements but also energy spectra and particle identification, would certainly overcome some of the uncertainties of ground based experiments. Given the expected particle fluxes, a very large acceptance is needed to collect a sufficient quantity of data, in a time compatible with the duration of a space mission. This in turn, contrasts with the lightness and compactness requirements for space based experiments.We present a novel idea in calorimetry which addresses these issues whilst limiting the mass and volume of the detector. In this paper we report on a four year R&D program where we investigated materials, coatings, photo-sensors, Front End electronics, and mechanical structures with the aim of designing a high performance, high granularity calorimeter with the largest possible acceptance. Details are given of the design choices, component characterisation, and of the construction of a sizeable prototype (Calocube) which has been used in various tests with particle beams.

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“…The ARGO-YBJ data agree remarkably well (within about 15%) with the values obtained by adding up the proton and helium fluxes measured by CREAM [6,7], both concerning the total intensities and the spectrum slope, so confirming the CREAM finding that the proton and helium spectra, from 2.5 to 250 TeV, are both flatter compared with the lower energy measurements. Later on the energy spectrum of proton and helium has been measured below the so-called "knee", from 100 to 700 TeV, by using a hybrid experiment [8] made of a wide field-of-view Cherenkov telescope [9] and the ARGO-YBJ carpet. The light component has been well separated from other CR components by using a multi-parameter technique where the analog information has been used for the first time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The analog Resistive Plate Chamber detector of the ARGO-YBJ experiment

Bartoli

Bernardini

et al. 2015

Astroparticle Physics

Self Cite

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The ARGO-YBJ experiment has been in stable data taking from November 2007 till February 2013 at the YangBaJing Cosmic Ray Observatory (4300 m a.s.l.). The detector consists of a single layer of Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) (6700 m 2 ) operated in streamer mode. The signal pick-up is obtained by means of strips facing one side of the gas volume. The digital readout of 1 arXiv:1504.01510v1 [astro-ph.IM] 7 Apr 2015 the signals, while allows a high space-time resolution in the shower front reconstruction, limits the measurable energy to a few hundred TeV. In order to fully investigate the 1-10 PeV region, an analog readout has been implemented by instrumenting each RPC with two large size electrodes facing the other side of the gas volume. Since December 2009 the RPC charge readout has been in operation on the entire central carpet (∼ 5800 m 2 ). In this configuration the detector is able to measure the particle density at the core position where it ranges from tens to many thousands of particles per m 2 . Thus ARGO-YBJ provides a highly detailed image of the charge component at the core of air showers. In this paper we describe the analog readout of RPCs in ARGO-YBJ and discuss both the performance of the system and the physical impact on the EAS measurements.

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Energy spectrum of cosmic protons and helium nuclei by a hybrid measurement at 4300 m a.s.l.

Cited by 38 publications

References 27 publications

Cosmic ray physics with ARGO-YBJ

Cosmic ray physics with ARGO-YBJ

The CALOCUBE project for a space based cosmic ray experiment: design, construction, and first performance of a high granularity calorimeter prototype

The analog Resistive Plate Chamber detector of the ARGO-YBJ experiment

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