Energy savings on heavy oil transportation through core annular flow pattern: An experimental approach

Coelho, Nelize Maria de Almeida; Taqueda, Maria Elena Santos; Souza, Nayara Mota Oliveira; Paiva, José Luís de; Santos, Aldo Ramos; Lia, Luis Renato Bastos; Moraes, Marcela Barbosa de; Júnior, Deovaldo de Moraes

doi:10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2019.103127

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The pipeline with a length of 29 km and a diameter of 152.4 mm built by Shell Oil Company in California used CAF to transport heavy oil with a flow rate of 1908 m 3 /d and water content of 20% to 30% . The main idea of this approach is to form a thin low-viscosity-fluid film near the pipe wall, with high viscosity crude oil as the core fluid and low viscosity fluid as the annulus fluid. − By lubrication of the viscous oil core with low-viscosity fluid, the drag in the pipeline is decreased, the axial pressure drop is reduced, and the energy provided by the pump is saved. According to different annular fluid media, low viscosity annular fluids can be further divided into water, solutions, and aqueous foams.…”

Section: Drag Reduction By Boundary Injection Of Low-viscosity Fluidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drag Reduction Related to Boundary Layer Control in Transportation of Heavy Crude Oil by Pipeline: A Review

Jing,

Guo,

Karimov

et al. 2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

With the depletion of conventional light crude oil, heavy crude oil will occupy an increasing share of the energy structure in the 21st century. Heavy crude oil is characterized by an API gravity of 10 to 22.3 or a viscosity of 0.09 to 10 Pa·s. The flow of heavy crude oil in the pipeline is laminar in the higher viscosity range and turbulent in the lower viscosity range, and its flow resistance comes from the viscous force between the oil and the wall or the additional stress of turbulent flow. Hence, pipeline transportation of heavy crude oil is faced with a huge loss of frictional resistance, which means a reduction of the transportation efficiency. To decrease pump power consumption, improving the transportation efficiency of heavy crude oil pipelines is a key factor. In recent years, some biomimetic technologies that reduce the flow resistance of viscous oils have made new progress in improving their fluidity and have not yet been put into use in commercial pipelines. Therefore, it is important and appropriate to discuss the breakthrough achievements and progress made by researchers in the drag reduction (DR) of heavy crude oil and to summarize its advantages, disadvantages, and potential problems. This review discusses boundary layer control methods for heavy crude oil drag reduction. First, conventional DR technologies, such as polymers, surfactants, fiber suspensions, oil–water core annular flow (CAF) and oil–aqueous foam CAF, and potential DR technologies, including oleophobic surfaces, flexible walls, biomimetic microgrooves, and ferrofluid annular DR under magnetic confinement, are presented. Second, the mechanism of DR is investigated and summarized; the highlights and progress of the technology are reviewed, and new ideas to improve the existing DR technology are proposed. Finally, the challenges and prospects of DR are presented.

show abstract

Section: Drag Reduction By Boundary Injection Of Low-viscosity Fluidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drag Reduction Related to Boundary Layer Control in Transportation of Heavy Crude Oil by Pipeline: A Review

Jing,

Guo,

Karimov

et al. 2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This is due to the fact that the flow patterns observed in horizontal pipes differ from those encountered in vertical pipes [6]. Investigating the behavior of two-phase flow patterns in pipelines is of utmost importance, particularly in addressing challenges like the reduction of pumping costs associated with the extraction of heavy crude oils, which often possess viscosities exceeding 10,000 cP [7], given that these make up a third of the world's hydrocarbon reserves [8]. Furthermore, the oil industry faces a significant challenge related to pipeline corrosion, both internally and externally.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-Phase Flow Pattern Identification in Vertical Pipes Using Transformer Neural Networks

Ruiz-Díaz,

Perilla-Plata,

González-Estrada

2024

Inventions

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The oil and gas industry consistently embraces innovative technologies due to the significant expenses associated with hydrocarbon transportation, pipeline corrosion issues, and the necessity to gain a deeper understanding of two-phase flow characteristics. These solutions involve the implementation of predictive models utilizing neural networks. In this research paper, a comprehensive database comprising 4864 data points, encompassing information pertaining to oil–water two-phase flow properties within vertical pipelines, was meticulously curated. Subsequently, an encoder-only type transformer neural network (TNN) was employed to identify two-phase flow patterns. Various configurations for the TNN model were proposed, involving parameter adjustments such as the number of attention heads, activation function, dropout rate, and learning rate, with the aim of selecting the configuration yielding optimal outcomes. Following the training of the network, predictions were generated using a reserved dataset, thus facilitating the creation of flow maps depicting the patterns anticipated by the model. The developed TNN model successfully predicted 9 out of the 10 flow patterns present in the database, achieving a peak accuracy of 53.07%. Furthermore, the various predicted flow patterns exhibited an average precision of 63.21% and an average accuracy of 86.51%.

show abstract

“…Al-Wahaibi et al studied the energy of oil-water flow and found the polymer could reduce the pumping energy by about 57.3% [36]. Coelho et al reported that the energy savings of core-annular flow could be half of single heavy oil transportation [37]. Therefore, investigating the energy-saving situation of oil-water annular flow can provide supporting data for the design of parameters for heavy oil transportation, and it is worth continuing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of the Interface Fluctuation and Energy Saving of Oil–Water Annular Flow

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Oil–water annular flow is an efficient method of heavy oil transportation for energy-saving. To deeply study the influencing factors of the energy savings of oil–water annular flow, this paper compares the interface fluctuation and energy-saving situation of oil–water annular flow under different pipe structures (such as straight pipe, sudden-contraction pipe, and elbow pipe), flow parameters, and fluid properties. In the straight pipe, the flow parameters can impact the oil–water annular flow pattern and the energy savings, and the interface fluctuation is consistent with the energy savings. The stable oil–water core annular flow has slight interface fluctuation and significant energy savings. At the same time, the influences of pipe structure and fluid properties on energy saving are also analyzed. In the sudden-contraction pipe, the oil–water interface fluctuates, largely due to the sharp changes in flow cross-section, which leads to reduced energy savings. In the elbow, the oil–water interface fluctuates greatly due to the influence of centrifugal force caused by flow direction variation, and also leads to a decline in energy savings. The effects of oil property or annulus liquid property on the interface fluctuates, and the energy savings are analyzed; reducing surface tension is an effective measure to provide an energy-saving effect. These results can provide a reference for the design of heavy-oil-transportation pipelines, the analysis of interface fluctuation, and the energy-saving evaluation of oil–water annular flow.

show abstract

Energy savings on heavy oil transportation through core annular flow pattern: An experimental approach

Cited by 23 publications

References 33 publications

Drag Reduction Related to Boundary Layer Control in Transportation of Heavy Crude Oil by Pipeline: A Review

Drag Reduction Related to Boundary Layer Control in Transportation of Heavy Crude Oil by Pipeline: A Review

Two-Phase Flow Pattern Identification in Vertical Pipes Using Transformer Neural Networks

A Study of the Interface Fluctuation and Energy Saving of Oil–Water Annular Flow

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About