Energy saving potentials of connected and automated vehicles

Abstract

Connected and automated vehicles (CAV) are marketed for their increased safety, driving comfort, and time saving potential. With much easier access to information, increased processing power, and precision control, they also offer unprecedented opportunities for energy efficient driving. This paper is an attempt to highlight the energy saving potential of connected and automated vehicles based on first principles of motion, optimal control theory, and a review of the vast but scattered eco-driving literature. We explain that connectivity to other vehicles and infrastructure allows better anticipation of upcoming events, such as hills, curves, slow traffic, state of traffic signals, and movement of neighboring vehicles. Automation allows vehicles to adjust their motion more precisely in anticipation of upcoming events, and save energy. Opportunities for cooperative driving could further increase energy efficiency of a group of vehicles by allowing them to move in a coordinated manner. Energy efficient motion of connected and automated vehicles could have a harmonizing effect on mixed traffic, leading to additional energy savings for neighboring vehicles.

Forecasting the Impact of Connected and Automated Vehicles on Energy Use: A Microeconomic Study of Induced Travel and Energy Rebound

“…5 We remove the 3.1% of households with unreported income and an additional 8.4% who report zero VMT, no vehicle ownership, a vehicle model from before 1984 (which is not included in the EPA testing data), or unknown vehicle make and model. 6 Analysis without weights would yield internally valid estimates of our parameters of interest but would not be nationally representative. To produce a fuel price of VMT ( 1 in dollars per mile) for each household, we multiply its reported fuel price per gallon by its weighted average fuel economy: (10) where is the number of vehicles that a household uses, and are vehicle miles traveled and fuel economy (miles per gallon) of the th vehicle, respectively, and is the price of gasoline (dollars per gallon).…”

Theoretical conditions for restricting secondary jams in jam-absorption driving scenarios

“…Finally, we review eco-driving as a related research field of JAD. Eco-driving is cost-effective on highways [61] and arterials with a single [62][63][64] or multiple [65][66][67][68] traffic signals (interested readers are referred to a recent review [13]). Some eco-driving algorithms prevent vehicles from entering queues caused by red traffic signals by taking into account of spatiotemporal propagations of the queues [69][70][71].…”

Design and analysis of a novel power management approach, applied on a connected vehicle as V2V, V2B/I, and V2N

“…[35][36][37] The notion of connected vehicles can be beneficial to save energy inside the EVs, and several test and discussion in relation were exposed in the previous studies. 2,38,39 As the new commercialized vehicles were equipped with a wireless communication system, each vehicle can be proactive, cooperative, well-informed, and coordinated and will pave the way for supporting various applications for road safety. [40][41][42] Therefore, it is possible to guarantee, vehicle to building communication (V2B), or vehicle to road infrastructure communication (V2I) this characterizes the vehicle to the smart city connection.…”

“…Effectively, several types of researches proved that a smart city will encourage using the electrical transportation systems, as electric cars and electric buses, in which the problems related to the high recharge delay will be eliminated in the future . The notion of connected vehicles can be beneficial to save energy inside the EVs, and several test and discussion in relation were exposed in the previous studies …”