Energy-saving method for technogenic waste processing

Abstract

Dumps of a mining-metallurgical complex of post-Soviet Republics have accumulated a huge amount of technogenic waste products. Out of them, Kazakhstan alone has preserved about 20 billion tons. In the field of technogenic waste treatment, there is still no technical solution that leads it to be a profitable process. Recent global trends prompted scientists to focus on developing energy-saving and a highly efficient melting unit that can significantly reduce specific fuel consumption. This paper reports, the development of a new technological method—smelt layer of inversion phase. The introducing method is characterized by a combination of ideal stirring and ideal displacement regimes. Using the method of affine modelling, recalculation of pilot plant’s test results on industrial sample has been obtained. Experiments show that in comparison with bubbling and boiling layers of smelt, the degree of zinc recovery increases in the layer of inversion phase. That indicates the reduction of the possibility of new formation of zinc silicates and ferrites from recombined molecules of ZnO, SiO2, and Fe2O3. Calculations show that in industrial samples of the pilot plant, the consumption of natural gas has reduced approximately by two times in comparison with fuming-furnace. The specific fuel consumption has reduced by approximately four times in comparison with Waelz-kiln.

Energy Efficient System for Galena Concentrate Processing

“…Li et al [23] where laboratory investigation has been done on the solidification of chromite ore processing residue (COPR) by blast furnace slag and calcium hydroxide, to find the enhancement effect of pre-reduction using zero-valent iron (ZVI) on the solidification treatment; have shown good potentials of cost reduction in the operations, however many of these studies have not done any attempts on conducting cost benefit analysis. A somewhat similar study done by Dikhanbaev et al [24] also give prominence to the energy saving technique itself, which they have proposed, rather than concentering on the costing. The proposed method can be further improved by adopting some novel techniques introduced in the fields of metal extraction processes in removing heavy metals from waste sources [25], [26].…”

Homestay save rent method through consumer self-management of electricity power consumption

“…In this section, it is explained the results of research and at the same time is given the comprehensive discussion. Results can be presented in figures, graphs, tables and others that make the reader understand easily [2,7]. The discussion can be made in several sub-chapters.…”

“…According to reports from the Minister of Tourism, Arts and Culture Minister Datuk Mohammadin Ketapi said there were 8.47 million who came to Malaysia in 2018, some of them chose to live in homestays. This numbers continue to increase every year, providing well opportunities for the homestay business [2][3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

Studies on zinc recovery from technogenic waste

“…The need for metals has led to a demand for technologies for their extracting from other technogenic waste, such as slag from plants smelting lead and zinc, solid wastes (sludge and slag) from iron-and steelmaking plants, copper converter slag, flotation tailings, disposed mill tailings of sulfide ores, magnetite concentrates, pyrrhotine concentrates [18 -21], low grade zinc concentrate obtained by flotation of gathered flotation tailings [22], land filled Znrich sludge and jarosite [23].…”

“…Huge amounts of such types of waste are available worldwide. For example, the tailing dam of Kooshk lead-zinc industry (Iran) contains nearly 5 million tons of sphalerite tailings bearing 3.67% zinc but also high amount of pyrite [22]. Another example -the accumulated in Kazakhstan 10.1 billion tons of wastes from production of non-ferrous metals, combined with annual generation of 700 million tons of industrial wastes [24].…”