Energy Restriction Is Associated with Lower Bone Mineral Density of the Tibia and Femur in Lean but Not Obese Female Rats

Hawkins, Jaleah; Cifuentes, Mariana; Pleshko, Nancy; Ambia-Sobhan, Hasina; Shapses, Sue A.

doi:10.3945/jn.109.111450

Cited by 34 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(83 reference statements)

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“…The effect of voluntary running exercise on BMD has been reported to be positive [3,20]. In contrast, the influence of food restriction on BMD has been reported to be negative in sedentary rats [12,14] and in exercising rats [11]. In the present study, we revealed that there were interactions of voluntary running exercise and food restriction on the BMD of the lumbar spine and tibia; the BMD values of the lumbar spine and tibia in the EX-FR group were lower than those in the SED-FR group (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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The Interaction of Voluntary Running Exercise and Food Restriction Induces Low Bone Strength and Low Bone Mineral Density in Young Female Rats

et al. 2015

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There is a concern that the combination of exercise with food intake reduction has a risk of reducing bone strength and bone mass in young female athletes. We examined the influence of the interaction of voluntary running exercise and food restriction on bone in young female rats. Seven-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: the sedentary and ad libitum feeding group (SED), voluntary running exercise and ad libitum feeding group (EX), sedentary and 30 % food restriction group (SED-FR), and voluntary running exercise and 30 % food restriction group (EX-FR). The experiment lasted 12 weeks. Statistical analysis was carried out by two-way analysis of variance with exercise and restriction as the between-subjects factors. As a result, there were significant interactions of running and restriction on energy availability, breaking force, breaking energy, and bone mineral density (BMD). Breaking force and energy in the EX group were significantly higher than in the SED group; breaking force and energy were significantly lower in the EX-FR group than in the EX group, and breaking force in the EX-FR group was significantly lower than that in the SED-FR group. BMD in the EX-FR group was significantly lower than in the EX and SED-FR groups. These results suggest that food restriction induced low bone strength in young female rats engaging in voluntary running exercise. Also, through the interaction of exercise and food restriction, voluntary running exercise combined food restriction, unlike ad libitum feeding conditions, induced low bone strength, and low BMD in young female rats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Previous studies have reported that food restriction in sedentary female rats induces low BMD [12][13][14]. Furthermore, it has been reported that food restriction in female rats undergoing an exercise regimen induced low bone mineral content (BMC) [9,10] and BMD [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Interaction of Voluntary Running Exercise and Food Restriction Induces Low Bone Strength and Low Bone Mineral Density in Young Female Rats

et al. 2015

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“…However at Day 28 the X-ray absorption peak shifted towards the lower grayscale. The PCL-CaSO4 Grayscales values are proportional to the material density (Hawkins et al, 2010). It is postulated that a reduction in material density could be related to the degradation of the 3DP structure as a consequence of resorption time.…”

Section: µ-Ct Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of poly (ε-caprolactone) coating on the properties of three-dimensional printed porous structures

Zhou

Cunningham

Lennon

et al. 2017

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

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Powder-based inkjet three-dimensional printing (3DP) to fabricate pre-designed 3D structures has drawn increasing attention. However there are intrinsic limitations associated with 3DP technology due to the weak bonding within the printed structure, which significantly compromises its mechanical integrity. In this study, calcium sulphate ceramic structures demonstrating a porous architecture were manufactured using 3DP technology and subsequently post-processed with a poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) coating. PCL concentration, immersion time, and number of coating layers were the principal parameters investigated and improvement in compressive properties was the measure of success. Interparticle spacing within the 3DP structures were successfully filled with PCL material. Consequently the compressive properties, wettability, morphology, and in vitro resorption behaviour of 3DP components were significantly augmented. The average compressive strength, Young's modulus, and toughness increased 217%, 250%, and 315%, following PCL coating. Addition of a PCL surface coating provided long-term structural support to the host ceramic material, extending the resorption period from less than 7 days to a minimum of 56 days. This study has demonstrated that application of a PCL coating onto a ceramic 3DP structure was a highly effective approach to addressing some of the limitations of 3DP manufacturing and allows this advanced technology to be potentially used in a wider range of applications.

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“…Reduced body mass due to CR has been shown to decrease BMD (Hawkins et al 2010), which may be explained by mechanisms such as a decreased loading of the bones, less calcium intake from food, or changes in hormonal levels (Hawkins et al 2010). Interestingly, we did not observe any alterations of BMD in the femoral condyles in our CR model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Life-long caloric restriction does not alter the severity of age-related osteoarthritis

McNeill

Rabey

et al. 2014

AGE

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Chronic adipose tissue inflammation and its associated adipokines have been linked to the development of osteoarthritis (OA). It has been shown that caloric restriction may decrease body mass index and adiposity. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of lifelong caloric restriction on bone morphology, joint inflammation, and spontaneously occurring OA development in aged mice. C57BL/NIA mice were fed either a calorie-restricted (CR) or ad libitum (AL) diet starting at 14 weeks of age. All mice were sacrificed at 24 months of age. Adipose tissue and knee joints were then harvested. Bone parameters of the joints were analyzed by micro-CT. OA and joint synovitis were determined using histology and semiquantitative analysis. Lifelong caloric restriction did not alter the severity of OA development in C57BL/NIA aged mice, and there was no difference in the total joint Mankin score between CR and AL groups (p=0.99).Mice also exhibited similar levels of synovitis (p=0.54). The bone mineral density of the femur and the tibia was comparable between the groups with a small increase in cancellous bone volume fraction in the lateral femoral condyle of the CR group compared with the AL group. Lifelong caloric restriction did not alter the incidence of OA or joint synovitis in C57BL/NIA mice, indicating that a reduction of caloric intake alone was not sufficient to prevent spontaneous age-related OA. Nonetheless, early initiation of CR continued throughout a life span did not negatively impact bone structural properties.

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Energy Restriction Is Associated with Lower Bone Mineral Density of the Tibia and Femur in Lean but Not Obese Female Rats

Cited by 34 publications

References 43 publications

The Interaction of Voluntary Running Exercise and Food Restriction Induces Low Bone Strength and Low Bone Mineral Density in Young Female Rats

The Interaction of Voluntary Running Exercise and Food Restriction Induces Low Bone Strength and Low Bone Mineral Density in Young Female Rats

Effects of poly (ε-caprolactone) coating on the properties of three-dimensional printed porous structures

Life-long caloric restriction does not alter the severity of age-related osteoarthritis

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