“…In another study (Bournas et al, 2016), researchers assessed the performance of an office room with automated shading in terms of energy consumption and the amount of daylight received. To achieve this, they conducted both a sensitivity analysis and an uncertainty analysis to determine the effects of window to wall ratio, window type, space aspect ratio, insulation, T-Shading, a-front shade, and a-back shade on UDI, lighting energy consumption, and heating/cooling energy.…”
The primary goal of this research was to minimise the energy consumed by heating and cooling loads in residential buildings in a sub-humid Mediterranean climate zone. This was achieved by optimising the design variables of various building envelopes using DesignBuilder software to compare the thermal performance of a baseline building model located in Ajlun (city in northern Jordan mountainous area) with the performance of other buildings with various design configurations. A sensitivity analysis (SA) was then conducted for twelve design variables to evaluate their influence on both cooling and heating loads using a regression method. The variables were divided into two groups according to their importance: a high importance design variables (window to wall ratio, local shading type, round floor construction, natural ventilation rate, infiltration rate (ac/h), glazing type, flat roof construction) and a low importance design variables (partition construction, site orientation, external wall construction, window blind type, window shading control schedule).The final results show significant reduction in the total energy consumption.
“…In another study (Bournas et al, 2016), researchers assessed the performance of an office room with automated shading in terms of energy consumption and the amount of daylight received. To achieve this, they conducted both a sensitivity analysis and an uncertainty analysis to determine the effects of window to wall ratio, window type, space aspect ratio, insulation, T-Shading, a-front shade, and a-back shade on UDI, lighting energy consumption, and heating/cooling energy.…”
The primary goal of this research was to minimise the energy consumed by heating and cooling loads in residential buildings in a sub-humid Mediterranean climate zone. This was achieved by optimising the design variables of various building envelopes using DesignBuilder software to compare the thermal performance of a baseline building model located in Ajlun (city in northern Jordan mountainous area) with the performance of other buildings with various design configurations. A sensitivity analysis (SA) was then conducted for twelve design variables to evaluate their influence on both cooling and heating loads using a regression method. The variables were divided into two groups according to their importance: a high importance design variables (window to wall ratio, local shading type, round floor construction, natural ventilation rate, infiltration rate (ac/h), glazing type, flat roof construction) and a low importance design variables (partition construction, site orientation, external wall construction, window blind type, window shading control schedule).The final results show significant reduction in the total energy consumption.
“…According to the European commission and Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD, 2010;EuropeanCommission, 2016), compared to 2005, by 2050 the primary energy demand should be reduced by 32-41%. Many studies have stated that building renovations are important to achieve this goal (Bournas et al, 2016;BPIE, 2013;Kamenders et al, 2014;Marszal et al, 2011;Risholt et al, 2013). The building façade is one of the major considerations in building renovations.…”
“…According to the European commission and Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD, 2010;EuropeanCommission, 2016), compared to 2005, by 2050 the primary energy demand should be reduced by 32-41%. Many studies have stated that the building renovation is an important key to achieve this goal (Bournas et al, 2016;BPIE, 2013;Kamenders et al, 2014;Marszal et al, 2011;Risholt et al, 2013).…”
Chapter 2 presented the physical and psychological satisfaction parameters for user-focused evaluation. In most renovation projects, the façade is a major consideration next to the HVAC system to optimise the performance of the building. Many studies reveal that façade renovation has a large impact on the energy efficiency. The aim of this chapter is to identify the characteristics of renovated offices, such as façade types, HVAC system, and sun shading, and compare the energy performance based on user typologies in renovated and non-renovated office buildings.
Section 3.2 describes an overview of façade renovation strategies based on literature. The renovation strategies are classified into four strategies: passive add-in, replacement, climate skin, and active add-in. Section 3.3 presents the criteria to select case studies. Section 3.4 describes the characteristics of four renovated case studies and one non-renovated case located in the Netherlands. The building information was collected through interviews with architects, a review of project documents, and a field survey. Cross-analysis was used to compare the renovation plan, physical conditions. Energy consumption of each office building was compared by different energy metrics in section 3.5. Section 3.6 discusses the limitation of the renovation projects and suggestions for the future study. The finding from cross-evaluation of case studies are described in section 3.7.
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