Energy recycling under ambient illumination for internet-of-things using metal/oxide/metal-based colorful organic photovoltaics

Abstract

Colorful indoor organic photovoltaics (OPVs) have attracted considerable attention in recent years for their autonomous function in internet-of-things (IoT) devices. In this study, a solutionprocessed TiO 2 layer in a metal-oxide-metal (MOM) color filter electrode is used for light energy recycling in P3HT:ICBA-based indoor OPVs. The MOM electrode allows for tuning of the optical cavity mode to maximize photocurrent production by modulating the thickness of the TiO 2 layer in the sandwich structure. This approach preserves the OPVs' optoelectronic properties without damaging the photoactive layer and enables them to display a suitable range of vivid colors. The optimized MOM-OPVs demonstrated an excellent power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.8%±0.2%, which is approximately 20% higher than that of reference opaque OPVs under 1000 lx light emitting diode illumination. This can be attributed to the high photocurrent density due to the nonresonant light reflected from metals into the photoactive layer. Additionally, the proposed MOM-OPVs exhibited high external quantum efficiency and large parasitic shunt resistances, leading to improved fill factor and PCE values. Thus, the study's MOM electrode provides excellent feasibility for realizing colorful and efficient indoor OPVs for IoT applications.

Interlayer Microstructure Analysis of the Transition Zone in the Silicon/Perovskite Tandem Solar Cell

“…It was observed that the performed perovskite layer on silicon wires is continuous, compact, and free of air bubbles and contaminants. Additionally, as indicated in the literature [2,3,5,12], the front cell should be thick enough to absorb all photons with the energy above the bandgap in a single pass of light so the MAI is well suited for initial proof-of-concept tandem devices when the layer thickness is approximately 1 µm thick, which is still experimentally challenging while maintaining a high material quality.…”

“…Additionally, to obtain a higher efficiency of the photovoltaic conversion, the lower parasitic absorption must be obtained by the reduction in losses from series resistance through the transport of lower current at higher voltage [4]. In the 2T structure, it is necessary to use only two contacts including one (on the top sub-cell) transparent to light, therefore, the use of transparent electrodes is necessary and cannot be ignored [3,[10][11][12]. Sub-cells in the 2T structure are connected by a tunnel junction or a recombination layer into a monolithic cell.…”

Simulating the Performance of a Formamidinium Based Mixed Cation Lead Halide Perovskite Solar Cell

“…Perovskite solar cells are photovoltaics with solution processed active layer, one of several recently studied technology. The other broadly investigated photovoltaics with solution processed active layer, include photovoltaics based on the organic semiconductors as active layers [ 20 , 21 , 22 ]. All of these PSC devices are supposed to have high power efficiency, high stability, and large-scale applicability.…”

Voltage Rise Regulation with a Grid Connected Solar Photovoltaic System

“…Microgrid systems located in a remote area could have fewer prerequisites due to the nature of the loads, such as streetlight and domestic needs, as compared to the massive electrical network or macro network. The latest trend of power generation is by the use of renewable energy sources due to the fact that they are clean, friendly and naturally replenish on the human time scale [1][2][3][4]. Countries across the globe are exploring their ecological approaches to power sharing to reduce total dependence on the conventional method of power generation.…”

“…Another option by which electrical power can be supplied to the remote area where there is no opportunity for grid connection is by making use of generating sets; this alternative is not encouraged because of the potential release of harmful and poisonous gases to the surrounding area, which can contribute to global warming [3]. Scientists, researchers and industrialists have shown a great interest in microgrids with RDG development due to the advantages it can offer in terms of sustainability, power quality and simple design implementation [4]. Any microgrid is an active network that connects renewable energy resource and loads.…”