Energy recovery potential and environmental impact of gasification for municipal solid waste

Vaish, Barkha; Sharma, Bhavisha; Srivastava, Vaibhav; Singh, Pooja; Ibrahim, Mahamad Hakimi; Singh, Rajeev Pratap

doi:10.1080/17597269.2017.1368061

Cited by 53 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…But in recent years, LFG has been recognized as a major contributor to the global GHG emissions-for example, it is estimated to contribute as much as 12% of the global methane emissions [184,185]. This has prompted efforts to capture and use LFG as a fuel [122,183,184,186]. This route still leads to CO 2 emissions, but the GWP of LFG gets substantially lowered due to the conversion of methane into the much lesser global warming CO 2 [3].…”

Section: Capture and Utilization Of Landfill Gasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The myth and the reality of energy recovery from municipal solid waste

Abbasi

2018

Energ Sustain Soc

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Background: Any manner of development can be sustainable only if the waste generated by it is not allowed to accumulate but is fully reused/recycled/recovered. Among the strategies to attain this goal have been the attempts to recover energy from municipal solid waste (MSW). About 60% of MSW is carbonaceous, consisting of materials which can either be biodegraded into fuels like methane or incinerated, thereby generating utilizable energy. MSW also contains several components-like metallic scrap and glass pieces-which can be reused or recycled, thereby achieving energy conservation. Given these attributes, MSW appears to be a potential source of energy and resources. Indeed, this belief that MSW is usable if only we try sincerely enough to do so prompts most of us to keep generating much more MSW than is warranted. But how realizable really is the energy potential of MSW? What perils loom into view when we actually set out to utilize MSW as an energy source? The present study addresses these crucially important questions. Methods: The work is based on a critical content analysis of the prior art. Results: The generation of MSW has consistently outpaced the world's efforts to dispose of it cleanly, and the energy (and material) recovery from MSW is easier said than done. In most instances, what is technically feasible is economically unfeasible. And what is economically feasible-such as setting the waste on fire as is often done in developing countries-is exceedingly harmful to the environment and the human health. Measures such as sanitary landfilling and incineration create as many new problems as the old ones they solve. Moreover, despite the use of these less-than-adequate technologies, a major portion of MSW generated in the world lies untreated. Conclusions: As the MSW output is expected to double by 2025, this situation is only set to become worse. Rising tides of E-waste would compound the problem even further. Hence, enormous stress should be put on the reduction of MSW generation by controlling wanton consumerism and wastage, rather than continuing with it in the false hope that technology will soon provide a magical solution and eliminate the problem.

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Section: Capture and Utilization Of Landfill Gasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The focus in recent years has been on generating energy from MSW, besides material recovery [16,20,63,113,200,204]. The hope that a 'clean and sustainable solution to the MSW problem (and the E-waste problem)' is around the corner continues to be expressed [116,175,186]. What are the odds that these hopes will be realized?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The myth and the reality of energy recovery from municipal solid waste

Abbasi

2018

Energ Sustain Soc

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“…Municipal solid and biomass wastes are among the most sustainable sources of energy. Vaish et al [8], reported that the complexity and the increasing quantity of solid waste had made MSW management a challenging task worldwide. Biomass waste is abundant in many countries over the world, like Malaysia, Indonesia, Guinea Conakry, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The third-largest source of GHG is MSW at almost 3-4% of the global anthropogenic methane, and 18% of global methane emission came from total waste sectors [1]. As indicated in the study by Vaish et al [8] to achieve the goal of sustainable development, the problem of climate change, and other environmental challenges, must be tackled. MSW is usually, managed through disposal at landfills, which experience severe environmental conditions, such as leachate, high salinity, and GHG generation [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of the Calorific Value of Em1707pty Fruit Bunch (Efb) by Adding Municipal Solid Waste as Solid Fuel in Gasification Process

Diallo

Al-Khatib

Alam

et al. 2021

IIUMEJ

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Empty fruit bunch (EFB), a biomass-based waste, was deemed a potential replacement for fossil fuel. It is renewable and carbon neutral. The efficient management of this potential energy will help to deal with the problem associated with fossil fuels. However, a key parameter for evaluating the quality of raw material (EFB) as a fuel in energy applications is the calorific value (CV). When this CV is low, then its potential utilization as feedstock will be restricted. To tackle this shortcoming, we propose to add municipal solid waste to enhance energetic value. Thus, two major issues will be solved: managing solid residues and contributing an alternative energy source. This study aimed to investigate the possibility of mixing EFB and municipal solid waste (MSW) to make clean energy that is conscious of the environment (climate change) and sustainable development. The selected MSW, comprising of plastics, textiles, foam, and cardboard, were mixed, with EFB at various ratios. Proximate analysis was used to determine moisture content, ash, volatiles, and fixed carbon, whilst elemental analysis, is used to determine CHNS/O for MSW, EFB and their various mixtures. The CV of each element was also measured. The research revealed a significant increase in the calorific value of EFB by mixing it with MSW according to MSW/EFB ratios: 0.25; 0.42; 0.66; 1.00 and 1.50 the corresponding calorific values in (MJ/kg) were 19.77; 21.22; 22.67; 27.04 and 28.47 respectively. While the calorific value of pure EFB was 16.86 MJ/kg, the mixing of EFB with MSW promoted the increase in the CV of EFB to an average of 23.83MJ/kg. Another potential environmental benefit of applying this likely fuel was the low chlorine (0.21 wt. % to 0.95 wt. %) and sulfur concentrations (0.041 wt. % to 0.078 wt.%). This potential fuel could be used as solid refuse fuel (SRF) or refuse-derived fuel (RDF) in a pyrolysis or gasification process with little to no environmental effects. ABSTRAK: Tandan buah kosong (EFB), sisa berasaskan biojisim, adalah berpotensi sebagai pengganti bahan bakar fosil. Ia boleh diperbaharui dan karbon neutral. Pengurusan berkesan pada potensi tenaga ini dapat membantu mengatasi masalah melibatkan bahan bakar fosil. Namun, kunci parameter bagi menilai kualiti bahan mentah (EFB) sebagai bahan bakar dalam aplikasi tenaga adalah nilai kalori (CV). Apabila CV rendah, potensi menjadi stok suapan adalah terhad. Sebagai penyelesaian, kajian ini mencadangkan sisa pepejal bandaran ditambah bagi meningkatkan nilai tenaga. Oleh itu, dua isu besar dapat diselesaikan: mengurus sisa pepejal dan menambah sumber tenaga alternatif. Kajian ini bertujuan mengkaji potensi campuran tandan buah kosong (EFB) dan sisa pepejal bandaran (MSW) bagi menghasilkan tenaga bersih dari sudut persekitaran (perubahan iklim) dan pembangunan lestari. Pemilihan MSW, terdiri daripada plastik, tekstil, gabus dan kadbod, dicampurlan dengan pelbagai nisbah EFB. Analisis proksimat telah digunakan bagi mendapatkan kandungan kelembapan, abu, ruapan, dan karbon tetap, manakala analisis asas telah digunakan bagi mendapatkan CHNS/O bersama MSW, EFB dan pelbagai campuran lain. Nilai kalori (CV) setiap elemen turut diukur. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan penambahan ketara dalam nilai kalori EFB dengan campuran bersama MSW berdasarkan nisbah MSW/EFB 0.25; 0.42; 0.66; 1.00 dan 1.50 nilai kalori sepadan (MJ/kg) adalah 19.77; 21.22; 22.67; 27.04 dan 28.47 masing-masing. Manakala nilai kalori EFB tulen adalah 16.86 MJ/kg, campuran EFB dan MSW menunjukkan kenaikan CV dengan EFB pada purata 23.83MJ/kg. Antara potensi semula jadi lain adalah dengan mencampurkan bahan bakar ini dengan kalori rendah (0.21 wt. % kepada 0.95 wt. %) dan kepekatan sulfur (0.041 wt. % kepada 0.078 wt.%). Bahan bakar ini berpotensi sebagai bahan bakar pepejal sampah (SRF) atau bahan bakar yang terhasil dari pepejal sampah (RDF) melalui proses pirolisis atau proses gasifikasi yang sedikit atau tiada kesan langsung terhadap persekitaran.

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“…This presents an interesting opportunity for the establishment of public–private partnership ventures for SWM and WTE projects (Yeboah‐Assiamah, Asamoah, & Kyeremeh, ). However, acknowledgement of the contributions of the “informal sector” and its inclusion is critical to the success of such ventures (Chaturvedi, Arora, & Saluja, ; Vaish et al., ). The informal waste management sector, constituted mostly of the urban poor, is effective in segregating and collecting valuable and recyclable items from the litter or from the waste stream.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waste‐to‐energy recovery potential: A case study at Jaipur railway station

Srivastava

Brighu

Rajput

2018

Environmental Quality Mgmt

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A study was conducted at the Jaipur railway station in Jaipur, India, to give the perspectives of the actual waste management practices there. Required information was collected from the stakeholders by means of semi‐structured questionnaires, individual and group interviews, and recorded, official data regarding waste generation, collection, transportation, and disposal. Further quantitative and compositional analyses were performed by means of surveys and measurements. Field visits were made for collection of waste samples for quantification and for the study of its management. The field data were compiled and analyzed by sorting the waste into different components. It was found that 1.8 tons of solid waste is collected per day, and a considerable percentage of it comprises paper, plastic, and glass. Excluding the inerts, which are irrelevant from the point of view of energy saving and recovery potential, the average moisture content was found to be 3.38%. From the perspective of life cycle analysis, the option of composting or recycling would give savings of 28.33 gigajoules (GJ) per day over landfilling, while combustion would give savings of 2.97 GJ per day in comparison to landfilling. Analysis based on a compositional model gives a heat value of 8,157.87 kilojoules per kilogram, which amounts to 14.68 GJ of energy per day.

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Energy recovery potential and environmental impact of gasification for municipal solid waste

Cited by 53 publications

References 83 publications

The myth and the reality of energy recovery from municipal solid waste

The myth and the reality of energy recovery from municipal solid waste

Enhancement of the Calorific Value of Em1707pty Fruit Bunch (Efb) by Adding Municipal Solid Waste as Solid Fuel in Gasification Process

Waste‐to‐energy recovery potential: A case study at Jaipur railway station

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