Energy Production Systems

Abstract

This Special Issue aims to present solutions that effectively account for sustainability and lower greenhouse gas emissions, while meeting growing energy demands. The quest for pollution prevention and increased pressure and demand for environmentally sustainable processes and products have been creating new rules in the process industry. Sustainability is defined as "economic development that meets the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs". The aim of this Special Issue is to present new solutions to one of the grand challenges of this century: supplying energy to a growing population in an environmentally and economically sustainable way. Since no single technology can meet this ultimate energy challenge of the future on its own, promising solutions are based on energy system approaches that can provide insight and data on how viable an energy production pathway can be. A diverse number of energy sources can be taken into account, including biomass, hydroelectric, wind, solar, natural gas, coal, and nuclear energy. The papers in this Special Issue present optimal solutions to effectively account for sustainability and lower greenhouse gas emissions, while meeting growing energy demands. The papers provide reliable and innovative ideas, applications, and tested implementations of energy systems that deal with a multiregion, multitechnology decision framework that is based upon a bottom-up view of industrial activities and a top-down view of energy and other product demands.The first paper, by Al-Sobhi et al.[1], sets the stage for the remainder of the Issue and provides a comprehensive framework for the synthesis and design of natural gas utilization networks considering CO 2 emissions. Since a multitude of potential diversification and conversion options are available for the utilization of natural gas resources, as well as several design configurations and technology choices that exist for the conversion of natural gas to value-added products, the paper presents a novel and detailed mathematical model that is able to select an optimal configuration and operating mode among the various options available and at the same timing maximizing profits and minimizing CO 2 emissions. The next paper, by Yu et al. [2], considers large-scale wind farms that are included in cogeneration systems and recommends the utilization of electrical energy storage and thermal energy auxiliaries in order to reduce the large amount of wind energy that may have to be wasted. Storage systems investigated by the authors included pumped hydro storage (PHS), compressed air energy storage (CAES), hydrogen-based energy storage (HES), heat storage (HS), electric boilers (EB), and heat pumps (HP). The paper proposes a general evaluation method to compare the performance of these different approaches for promoting wind power integration.Paper three, by Noussan and Nastasi [3], makes use of an emerging topic in the area of energy systems-big data analytics-and provides an in...

Pengendalian Simulator Water Supply System menggunakan PID Berdasarkan Identifikasi

“…Selisih antara set point dengan nilai hasil pembacaan pressure sensor digunakan untuk menentukan besar sinyal kendali yang akan dihasilkan PID. Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) dengan tipe TM221CE24R, kemudian akan mengendalikan motor pompa melalui Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) (Elkamel, 2018) dengan memberikan sinyal kendali yang dihasilkan PID (tegangan 0 -10 V). Sinyal ini kemudian digunakan oleh VFD untuk dikonversi menjadi frekuensi tertentu (0 -50 Hz) yang kemudian frekuensi ini digunakan untuk mengendalikan kecepatan putar motor pompa pada plant.…”