Energy–momentum in Viscous Kasner-Type Universe in Bergmann–thomson Formulations

Abstract

Abstract. Using the Bergmann-Thomson energy momentum complex and its teleparallel gravity version, we obtain the energy and momentum of the universe in viscous Kasner-type cosmological models. The energy and momentum components (due to matter plus field) are found to be zero and this agree with a previous work of Rosen and Johri et al. who investigated the problem of the energy in Friedmann-RobertsonWalker universe. The result that the total energy and momentum components of the universe in these models is zero supports the viewpoint of Tryon. Rosen found that the energy of the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker space-time is zero, which agrees with the studies of Tryon.

Energy of a Stringy Charged Black Hole in the Teleparallel Gravity

“…Virbhadra [13], using the energy and momentum complexes of Einstein, Landau-Lifshitz, Papapetrou and Weinberg for a general non-static spherically symmetric metric of the Kerr-Schild class, showed that all of these energy-momentum formulations give the same energy distribution as in the Penrose energy-momentum formulation. Recently, The problem of energy-momentum localization was also considered in alternative gravitation theory, namely teleparallel gravity [10,21]. The authors found that energy-momentum also localize in this alternative theory, and their results agree with some previous papers which were studied in the general theory of relativity.…”

Teleparallel Energy–momentum Distribution of Static Axially Symmetric Spacetimes

“…The authors [30][31][32][33][34][35][36] showed that energymomentum can also be localized in this theory. It has been shown that the results of the two theories can agree with each other.…”

“…Some authors [30][31][32][33][34][35][36] argued that this problem of energy may be settled in the context of teleparallel theory (TPT) of gravity. They showed that energy-momentum can also be localized in the framework of this theory.…”

Energy distribution of a charged black hole with a minimally coupled scalar field

“…Other researchers have extended these results to other complexes [11], anisotropic cosmologies [12][13][14][15][16][17], and teleparallel gravity (a modification of general relativity) [18][19][20][21].…”