Energy metabolism in cachexia

Rohm, Maria; Zeigerer, Anja; Machado, Juliano; Herzig, Stephan

doi:10.15252/embr.201847258

Cited by 115 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 137 publications

(194 reference statements)

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“…Elevated blood free fatty acid as a result of elevated lipolysis due to increased energy expenditure was also observed in previous studies at early stage of cancer cachexia 34,35 . A decrease in blood glucose level due to tumor presence was also reported in previous studies, associated with loss in body weight and fat weight as a result of increased energy expenditure by tumor growth 36,37 . However, blood glucose levels were still within normal values in many patients of cachexia, although blood insulin levels could be high, normal or low in correlation with degree of weight loss 38 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Arctigenin inhibits prostate tumor growth in high-fat diet fed mice through dual actions on adipose tissue and tumor

Hao

Diaz

Verduzco

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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This study investigated the inhibitory effect of arctigenin, a novel anti-inflammatory lignan, on prostate cancer in obese conditions both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro obese models were established by coculture of mouse adipocytes 3T3-L1 with androgen-sensitive LNCaP human prostate cancer cells, or by culturing LNCaP cells in adipocytes-conditioned medium. Arctigenin significantly inhibited LNCaP proliferation, along with decreased androgen receptor (AR) and increased Nkx3.1 cellular expression. Male severe combined immunodeficiency mice were subcutaneously implanted with human prostate cancer LAPC-4 xenograft tumors for in vivo study. Mice were fed high-fat (HF) diet and orally given arctigenin at 50 mg/kg body weight daily or vehicle control for 6 weeks. Tumor bearing HF control mice showed a significant increase in serum free fatty acids (FFAs) and decrease in subcutaneous/peritoneal fat depots compared to non-tumor bearing control mice. Arctigenin intervention significantly reduced tumor growth by 45%, associated with decreased circulating FFAs and adipokines/cytokines including IGF-1, VEGF, and MCP-1, along with decreased AR, Ki67, and microvessel density and increased Nkx3.1 expression in tumors. These results indicate the strong ability of arctigenin to co-target obesity and tumor itself in inhibition of prostate tumor growth at a lower concentration compared to most phytochemicals.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Arctigenin inhibits prostate tumor growth in high-fat diet fed mice through dual actions on adipose tissue and tumor

Hao

Diaz

Verduzco

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…The adult skeletal muscle exhibits high plasticity and its mass can be altered by intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli. The skeletal muscle mass is decreased not only in diseases, such as cancer cachexia, neuromuscular disorders, chronic kidney disease, heart failure, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, but also as a consequence of aging, immobilization, and malnutrition [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. The latter type of loss in the muscle mass is better known as muscle atrophy or wasting condition, which affects the activities of daily living and leads to increased mortality from diseases [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression Levels of Long Non-Coding RNAs Change in Models of Altered Muscle Activity and Muscle Mass

Hitachi

Nakatani

Funasaki

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Skeletal muscle is a highly plastic organ that is necessary for homeostasis and health of the human body. The size of skeletal muscle changes in response to intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli. Although protein-coding RNAs including myostatin, NF-κβ, and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), have pivotal roles in determining the skeletal muscle mass, the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the regulation of skeletal muscle mass remains to be elucidated. Here, we performed expression profiling of nine skeletal muscle differentiation-related lncRNAs (DRR, DUM1, linc-MD1, linc-YY1, LncMyod, Neat1, Myoparr, Malat1, and SRA) and three genomic imprinting-related lncRNAs (Gtl2, H19, and IG-DMR) in mouse skeletal muscle. The expression levels of these lncRNAs were examined by quantitative RT-PCR in six skeletal muscle atrophy models (denervation, casting, tail suspension, dexamethasone-administration, cancer cachexia, and fasting) and two skeletal muscle hypertrophy models (mechanical overload and deficiency of the myostatin gene). Cluster analyses of these lncRNA expression levels were successfully used to categorize the muscle atrophy models into two sub-groups. In addition, the expression of Gtl2, IG-DMR, and DUM1 was altered along with changes in the skeletal muscle size. The overview of the expression levels of lncRNAs in multiple muscle atrophy and hypertrophy models provides a novel insight into the role of lncRNAs in determining the skeletal muscle mass.

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“…Energy metabolism in HCC patients is poorly understood these days. In general, in patients with malignancies, tumor-secreted factors and/or host-tumor interactions result in an imbalance of energy demand and energy supply [37]. In our data, the difference of npRQ level between HCC and non-HCC patients was significant (p = 0.0074), suggesting the impact of HCC on energy metabolism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

Serum Zinc Level and non-Protein Respiratory Quotient in Patients with Chronic Liver Diseases

Nishikawa

Takata

Enomoto

et al. 2020

JCM

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We sought to clarify the correlation between non-protein respiratory quotient (npRQ) in indirect calorimetry and serum zinc (Zn) level in chronic liver diseases (CLDs, n = 586, 309 liver cirrhosis (LC) patients, median age = 63 years). Clinical parameters potentially linked to npRQ <0.85 (best cutoff point for the prognosis in LC patients) were also examined in receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analyses. The median npRQ was 0.86. The median serum Zn level was 64 μg/dL. The median npRQ in patients with non-LC, Child–Pugh A, Child–Pugh B and Child–Pugh C were 0.89, 0.85, 0.83 and 0.82 (overall p < 0.0001)). The median serum Zn level in patients with npRQ <0.85 (58 μg/dL) was significantly lower than that in patients with npRQ ≥ 0.85 (68 μg/dL) (p < 0.0001). The correlation coefficient (r) between npRQ level and serum Zn level for all cases was 0.40 (p < 0.0001). Similar tendencies were observed in all subgroup analyses. The highest correlation coefficient between serum Zn level and npRQ was found in patients with Child–Pugh C (n = 22, r = 0.69). In ROC analyses for npRQ <0.85, serum Zn level had the highest area under the ROC (AUC) among baseline laboratory parameters (AUC = 0.69). In conclusion, serum Zn level can be helpful for npRQ in patients with CLDs.

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Energy metabolism in cachexia

Cited by 115 publications

References 137 publications

Arctigenin inhibits prostate tumor growth in high-fat diet fed mice through dual actions on adipose tissue and tumor

Arctigenin inhibits prostate tumor growth in high-fat diet fed mice through dual actions on adipose tissue and tumor

Expression Levels of Long Non-Coding RNAs Change in Models of Altered Muscle Activity and Muscle Mass

Serum Zinc Level and non-Protein Respiratory Quotient in Patients with Chronic Liver Diseases

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