Energy Management Strategy Based on Model Predictive Control‐Differential Evolution for Hybrid Energy Storage System in Electric Vehicles

Abstract

This paper addresses challenges related to the short service life and low efficiency of hybrid energy storage systems. A semiactive hybrid energy storage system with an ultracapacitor and a direct current (DC) bus directly connected in parallel is constructed first, and then related models are established for the lithium‐ion battery, system loss, and DC bus. Based on the multiobjective evaluation function, a hybrid energy storage system Model Predictive Control‐Differential Evolution (MPC‐DE) energy management method is proposed. Experiments were conducted under China Light‐Duty Vehicle Test Cycle‐Passenger Car (CLTC‐P) and Highway Fuel Economy Test (HWFET) driving cycles. The experimental results show that compared with other methods, this strategy can effectively reduce the loss of lithium‐ion battery and ultracapacitor hybrid energy storage system and improve the system efficiency.