Energy Management Strategies for Diesel Hybrid Electric Vehicle

Abstract

-This paper focuses on hybrid energy management for a Diesel Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) with a parallel architecture. The proposed strategy focuses on the reduction of Nitric Oxides (NO x ) emissions that represents a key issue to meet Diesel emissions standards. The strategy is split in two separated functions aiming at limiting the NO x in steady-state and transient operating conditions. The first functions, control the torque split between the engine and the electric motor. This energy management is based on the Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy (ECMS) where an additional degree of freedom is introduced to tune the optimization trade-offs from the pure fuel economy case to the pure NO x limitation case. The second function adapts the torque split ratio between the motor and the engine, initially computed from the optimal control strategy during transient operations where NO x are produced. The engine torque correction relies on mean value models for the EGR system dynamics and for the NO x formation. This paper applies a methodology based on Software in the Loop (SiL) and Hardware in the Loop (HiL) simulations in order to understand the system performance according to the powertrain configurations and also to tune the proposed energy management strategy. The simulation results are confirmed by experiments performed on Hybrid-Hardware in the Loop (Hy-HiL) test bench. This work shows the potential of using the hybrid architecture to limit NO x emissions by choosing the best operating point and by limiting the engine dynamics. The NO x reduction has limited impact on fuel consumption.Re´sume´-Lois de gestion de l'energie pour le ve´hicule hybride Diesel -Cet article pre´sente une strate´gie de gestion de l'e´nergie pour un ve´hicule hybride paralle`le muni d'une motorisation Diesel. Cette strate´gie est consacre´e a`la re´duction des e´missions d'oxydes d'azote (NO x ) dont la de´pollution constitue une proble´matique majeure pour l'homologation des ve´hicules Diesel. La strate´gie comporte deux fonctions distinctes visant a`limiter les e´missions de NO x en re´gime stabilise´et en re´gime transitoire. La premie`re fonction agit sur la re´partition de couple entre le moteur thermique et la machine e´lectrique. L'approche ECMS (Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy, ou strate´gie de minimisation de la consommation e´quivalente) est utilise´e pour ge´rer la re´paration de couple et dans notre cas elle inte`gre dans la fonction couˆt un compromis entre la consommation et les e´missions de NO x . La seconde fonction corrige la re´partition de couple issue de l'ECMS mais uniquement en re´gime transitoire et afin de re´duire les pics d'e´missions de NO x . L'adaptation de la re´partition de couple repose sur des mode`les moyens du syste`me EGR et de la formation des NO x . Cet article pre´sente le principe de ces strate´gies et leur comportement est analyse´graˆce a`un simulateur repre´sentatif des e´missions polluantes. Ces re´sultats sont comple´te´s par des essais expe´rimentaux sur un...

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