Energy Management of Hybrid Diesel/Battery Ships in Multidisciplinary Emission Policy Areas

Abstract

All-electric ships, and especially the hybrid ones with diesel generators and batteries, have attracted the attention of maritime industry in the last years due to their less emission and higher efficiency. The variant emission policies in different sailing areas and the impact of physical and environmental phenomena on ships energy consumption are two interesting and serious concepts in the maritime issues. In this paper, an efficient energy management strategy is proposed for a hybrid vessel that can effectively consider the emission policies and apply the impacts of ship resistant, wind direction and sea state on the ships propulsion. In addition, the possibility and impact of charging and discharging the carried electrical vehicles’ batteries by the ship is investigated. All mentioned matters are mathematically formulated and a general model of the system is extracted. The resulted model and real data are utilized for the proposed energy management strategy. A genetic algorithm is used in MATLAB software to obtain the optimal solution for a specific trip of the ship. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed energy management method in economical and reliable operation of the ship considering the different emission control policies and weather condition impacts.

Deep Learning-Based Energy Management of an All-Electric City Bus With Wireless Power Transfer

“…Due to the high investment cost of the batteries, in order to increase their life time, some considerations must be strictly taken into account during the EM. Firstly, to avoid warming up the batteries that decrease their life time [25], the transferred power to and from batteries in a specific time (e.g. in an hour) must be limited.…”

“…This constraint prevents over-charging and over-discharging by using m  and M  in equations (16), (19), (24) and (25).…”

“…are defined and used in equations (17), (19), (22) and (25). The same procedure is adopted for WPT system by WPT P in equations (14), (16) and (24).…”

“…As it has been said before, FCs have a low dynamic that makes them unable to follow the fast changes in the loads required in city bus routes. This feature is applied in equations (17), (19), (22) and (25) by fdc , as the allowed amount of change in the FC's output in each second.…”

Comprehensive Design of DC Shipboard Power Systems for Pure Electric Propulsion Ship Based on Battery Energy Storage System

“…Electric propulsion by batteries is an eco-friendly operation method that does not generate exhaust gases [15,16], and it can increase energy efficiency by supplying temporary power or storing regenerative energy using the characteristics of batteries that can be charged/discharged. When designing a system, the performance, volume, weight, and price of a battery should be considered as important factors, and the optimal design considering other power conversion systems (PCSs) as well as batteries should be possible.…”