Energy management in Lucknow city

Zia, Hina; Devadas, V.

doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2007.04.018

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The total primary energy consumption (oil, natural gas, hydroelectric, nuclear energy and coal) sums up to 387.3 Mtoe at the end of 2005. As a whole, the energy supply means need to be increased and diversified to meet the growing energy demand (Zia and Devadas, 2007). India is a densely populated country with a population of 1107 millions and has a per capita gross domestic product (GDP) of 564 US$.…”

Section: An Outline Of Indian Energy Sectormentioning

confidence: 99%

A methodology for the electrical energy system planning of Tamil Nadu state (India)

et al. 2009

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Section: An Outline Of Indian Energy Sectormentioning

confidence: 99%

A methodology for the electrical energy system planning of Tamil Nadu state (India)

et al. 2009

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“…Thus, the use of industrial bio-fuels when linked carefully to natural ecological cycles may be non-polluting and sustainable (Philip, 1992;Hall, 2002;Fang and Zeng, 2007). Although there is no energy source that is completely environmentally safe, energy must be used more wisely in order to minimize the environmental hazard and optimize the efficiency with which it is produced (Hepbasli et al, 2007;Zia and Deradas, 2007;Tsagarakis and Papadogiannis, 2006;Kevin and Lewis, 1994). It has been estimated that the annual consumption of fossil fuel is an amount that took nature, on average, about one million years to produce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Production and Characterization of Bio-fuel from Coconut Oil

Abdulkareem

Odigure

Kuranga

2010

Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmenta

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The biggest challenge for developing countries in relation to energy consumption is to develop and implement technologies that help reduce the emissions of gases and particulate matter (dust and smoke), which have both local and possible global environmental impacts. In order to be more environmentally conscious, we need to endeavor to use resources that preferentially create fewer pollutants as byproducts. But what is beyond a doubt is that, in the long term, we are going to rely on renewable energy sources, such as bio-fuel, solar, and hydrogen; also, climatic changes will force us to switch to carbon dioxide-free technologies and renewable energy sources. Consequently, this work focuses on the production of liquid bio-fuel produced from coconut oil. Analytical determinations of some properties of bio-fuel were carried out to confirm the quality and purity as well as the identification of bio-fuel. The properties that bio-fuel have been tested for are kinematic viscosity at 40 and 100 ı C, specific gravity at 27 and 15 ı C, pour point, sulpur content, flash point, heat of vaporization, heat of combustion, and distillation characteristics. The results obtained are kinematic viscosity of 18.179 cp at 40 ı C and 5.5605 at 100 ı C, specific gravity of 0.912 and 0.92 at 101.325 kPa and 27 and 15 ı C, respectively, the pour point is 5 ı C, flash point of the bio-fuel produced is 62.5 ı C at 101.3 kPa and the sulphur content is 0.072%. Heat of vaporization of the bio-fuel is 2,300.45 kJ/kg while the heat of combustion is 24,563.62 kJ/kg.The percentage total recovery of 98.5% by volume, 0.7% by volume of residue, and 0.8% by volume loss were made. These experimental values are relatively close to diesel fuel specification.

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“…Liu et al, 2011;Y. Liu et al, 2011;Phdungsilp, 2010;Shrestha et al, 2007;Zia and Devadas, 2007). For example, Hosier (1993) exploited detailed energy-related information to help analyze urban energy utilization in three Tanzanian cities and compared energy consumptions between urban and rural areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…They also evaluated the associated GHG and air pollution emissions through the development of an integrated assessment model. Zia and Devadas (2007) established an energy management model in a city and produced a series of policy alternatives for supporting optimal energy utilization and management. Phdungsilp (2010) analyzed sixteen policy scenarios for supporting integrated management of energy resources and carbon dioxide in the city of Bangkok through the combination of a long-range energy planning system model and a multi-criteria decision-making approach.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%