Energy Management and Control of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle Charging Stations in a Grid-Connected Hybrid Power System

Abstract

Abstract:The charging infrastructure plays a key role in the healthy and rapid development of the electric vehicle industry. This paper presents an energy management and control system of an electric vehicle charging station. The charging station (CS) is integrated to a grid-connected hybrid power system having a wind turbine maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controlled subsystem, photovoltaic (PV) MPPT controlled subsystem and a controlled solid oxide fuel cell with electrolyzer subsystem which are characterized as renewable energy sources. In this article, an energy management system is designed for charging and discharging of five different plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) simultaneously to fulfil the grid-to-vehicle (G2V), vehicle-to-grid (V2G), grid-to-battery storage system (G2BSS), battery storage system-to-grid (BSS2G), battery storage system-to-vehicle (BSS2V), vehicle-to-battery storage system (V2BSS) and vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) charging and discharging requirements of the charging station. A simulation test-bed in Matlab/Simulink is developed to evaluate and control adaptively the AC-DC-AC converter of non-renewable energy source, DC-DC converters of the storage system, DC-AC grid side inverter and the converters of the CS using adaptive proportional-integral-derivate (AdapPID) control paradigm. The effectiveness of the AdapPID control strategy is validated through simulation results by comparing with conventional PID control scheme.

Prosumer Communities and Relationships in Smart Grids: A Literature Review, Evolution and Future Directions

“…Prosumers can also store excess energy using Energy Storage System for future use, or sell the surplus energy to the grid or nearby consumers [24]. Prosumers use smart meters during energy production and integrate these devices with household energy management systems [9,25,26], energy storage systems [27][28][29], electric vehicles [30][31][32], and vehicle-to-grid systems [33,34] to efficiently integrate into the smart grid [16].…”

Experimental Comparison of Three Real-Time Optimization Strategies Applied to Renewable/FC-Based Hybrid Power Systems Based on Load-Following Control

“…For example, the FC vehicle will adapt the parameters of the used optimization function considering the available on-line information about the route profile or the requests from as inputs of the Energy Management Unit (EMU) [81,82] as follows: the FC net power must be maximized if the FC vehicle climbs up a hill, the fuel economy must be maximized if the FC vehicle runs smoothly on the highway, the fuel consumption efficiency must be maximized if the communication unit informs the EMU that the fuel tank is almost empty based on signaling sensors, but a fuel station is close to the current position of the FC vehicle.…”

Dynamic Emulation of a PEM Electrolyzer by Time Constant Based Exponential Model

“…Indeed, fossil fuels are widely used in transportation, industrial and electric power sectors [1]. As a result, intensive use of fossil fuels has had negative impacts and is the main source of air pollution and the primary emitter of carbon dioxide and others greenhouse gas [2,3]. Given that the transportation sector is one the most significant emitters of greenhouse gases, new energy fuel must be developed with the aim to minimize the environmental impact from global warming and meteorological phenomena.…”