Energy loss, range, path length, time-of-flight, straggling, multiple scattering, and nuclear interaction probability

Janni, J. F.

doi:10.1016/0092-640x(82)90004-3

Cited by 445 publications

(148 citation statements)

References 351 publications

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“…403 • 451 When monoenergetic heavy charged particles impinge upon the Faraday cup, the dose is calculated from the measured number of particles per unit area and the mass stopping power of the particle at the given energy in tissue. 253 …”

Section: Iiid6 Calorimetermentioning

confidence: 99%

Instrumentation for treatment of cancer using proton and light-ion beams

Chu

Ludewigt

Renner

1993

Review of Scientific Instruments

285

186

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Clinical trials using accelerated heavy charged-particle beams for treating cancer and other diseases have been performed for nearly four decades. Recently there have been worldwide efforts to construct hospital-based medically dedicated proton or light-ion accelerator facilities. To make such accelerated heavy charged-particle beams clinically useful, specialized instruments must be developed to modify the physical characteristics of the particle beams in order to optimize their biological and clinical effects. This article reviews the beam modifying devices and associated dosimetric equipment developed specifically for controlling and monitoring the clinical beams.

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Section: Iiid6 Calorimetermentioning

confidence: 99%

Instrumentation for treatment of cancer using proton and light-ion beams

Chu

Ludewigt

Renner

1993

Review of Scientific Instruments

285

186

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“…MCNP6 is a Monte Carlo method based radiation transport code. It uses a combination of the Janni proton range data tables and SPAR FORTRAN code with a density correction factor to calculate the geometry independent ranges and stopping powers for heavy ions in different target materials [6], [7]. The plots of the resulting ranges and stopping powers are shown in Figures 6 and 7.…”

Section: Calculation Of Ranges Of Fission Frag-ments In Pztmentioning

confidence: 99%

Piezoelectric Materials Under Natural and Man-Made Radiation: The Potential for Direct Radiation Detection

2018

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Abstract-Radiation detection systems used for monitoring long term waste storage need to be compact, rugged, and have low or no power requirements. By using piezoelectric materials it may be possible to create a reliable self-powered radiation detection system. To determine the feasibility of this approach, the electrical signal response of the piezoelectric materials to radiation must be characterized. To do so, an experimental geometry has been designed and a neutron source has been chosen as described in this paper, which will be used to irradiate a uranium foil for producing fission fragments. These future experiments will be aimed at finding the threshold of exposure of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) plates needed to produce and electrical signal. Based on the proposed experimental geometry the thermal neutron beam-line at the Breazeale Reactor at The Pennsylvania State University will be used as the neutron source. The uranium foil and neutron source will be able to supply a maximum flux of 1.5e5 fission fragments/second*cm 2 to each of the PZT plates.

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“…A considerable number of experimental studies on the ion energy loss have been conducted. These data on ion stopping ranges are collected in a number of compilations [78][79][80]. A range table from Ziegler et al is commonly used and also implemented in the Monte-Carlo simulation program TRIM [75].…”

Section: Mev Ion Beammentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Mechanisms of Hydrogen Implantation Induced Silicon Surface Layer Cleavage

Höchbauer¹

2002

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ZusammenfassungDer sogenannte "Ion-Cut", ein Schichtabspaltungsprozess mittels WasserstoffIonenimplantation und darauffolgender Probenerwärmung ist eine effektive, vielseitige und ökonomische Methode, um Siliziumschichten mit einer Dicke von nur einigen Nanometern von einem Siliziumsubstrat auf andere Materialien zu transferieren. Somit ermöglicht der Ion-Cut die Produktion von Siliziumschichen auf isolierenden Materalien ("silicon-on-insulator" (SOI) AbstractThe "Ion-Cut", a layer splitting process by hydrogen ion implantation and subsequent annealing is a versatile and efficient technique of transferring thin silicon surface layers from bulk substrates onto other substrates, thus enabling the production of silicon-oninsulator (SOI) materials. Cleavage is induced by the coalescence of the highly pressurized sub-surface H 2 -gas bubbles, which form upon thermal annealing. A fundamental understanding of the basic mechanisms on how the cutting process occurs is still unclear, inhibiting further optimization of the Ion-Cut process. This work elucidates the physical mechanisms behind the Ion-Cut process in hydrogen-implanted silicon. The investigation of the cleavage process reveals the cut to be largely controlled by the lattice damage, generated by the hydrogen ion irradiation process, and its effects on the local stress field and the fracture toughness within the implantation zone rather than by the depth of maximum H-concentration. Furthermore, this work elucidates the different kinetics in the H-complex formations in silicon crystals with different conductivity types, and examines the mechanically induced damage accumulation caused by the crack propagation through the silicon sample in the splitting step of the Ion-Cut process. Additionally, the influence of boron pre-implantation on the Ion-Cut in hydrogen implanted silicon is investigated. These studies reveal, that both, the atomic interaction between the boron implant and the hydrogen implant and the shift of the Fermi level due to the electrical activation of the implanted boron have a tremendous enhancing effect on the Ion-Cut process.

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Energy loss, range, path length, time-of-flight, straggling, multiple scattering, and nuclear interaction probability

Cited by 445 publications

References 351 publications

Instrumentation for treatment of cancer using proton and light-ion beams

Instrumentation for treatment of cancer using proton and light-ion beams

Piezoelectric Materials Under Natural and Man-Made Radiation: The Potential for Direct Radiation Detection

On the Mechanisms of Hydrogen Implantation Induced Silicon Surface Layer Cleavage

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