Energy loss, range, and bremsstrahlung yield for 10-keV to 100-MeV electrons in various elements and chemical compounds

Pages, L.; Bertel, E.; Joffre, H.; Sklavenitis, L.

doi:10.1016/s0092-640x(72)80002-0

Cited by 337 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Ionisation/excitation are implemented following the prescription of Pages et al (1972), based on Bethe's theoretical formula, with experimental values for the ionisation potentials of neutral H and He, and without correction for the density effect. Coulomb losses are implemented following the prescription of Ginzburg (1979) for the cold plasma limit.…”

Section: Transport Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Galactic annihilation emission from nucleosynthesis positrons

Martin

Strong

Jean

et al. 2012

A&A

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Context. The Galaxy hosts a widespread population of low-energy positrons revealed by successive generations of gamma-ray telescopes through a bright annihilation emission from the bulge region, with a fainter contribution from the inner disk. The exact origin of these particles remains currently unknown. Aims. We estimate the contribution to the annihilation signal of positrons generated in the decay of radioactive 26 Al, 56 Ni and 44 Ti. Methods. We adapted the GALPROP propagation code to simulate the transport and annihilation of radioactivity positrons in a model of our Galaxy. Using plausible source spatial distributions, we explored several possible propagation scenarios to account for the large uncertainties on the transport of ∼MeV positrons in the interstellar medium. We then compared the predicted intensity distributions to the INTEGRAL/SPI observations. Results. We obtain similar intensity distributions with small bulge-to-disk ratios, even for extreme large-scale transport prescriptions. At least half of the positrons annihilate close to their sources, even when they are allowed to travel far away. In the high-diffusion, ballistic case, up to 40% of them escape the Galaxy. In proportion, this affects bulge positrons more than disk positrons because they are injected further off the plane in a tenuous medium, while disk positrons are mostly injected in the dense molecular ring. The predicted intensity distributions are fully consistent with the observed longitudinally-extended disk-like emission, but the transport scenario cannot be strongly constrained by the current data. Conclusions. Nucleosynthesis positrons alone cannot account for the observed annihilation emission in the frame of our model. An additional component is needed to explain the strong bulge contribution, and the latter is very likely concentrated in the central regions if positrons have initial energies in the 100 keV−1 MeV range.

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Section: Transport Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Galactic annihilation emission from nucleosynthesis positrons

Martin

Strong

Jean

et al. 2012

A&A

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“…An extensive list of the detailed formulas used in the present simulations are displayed in the work of Pages et al (1972).…”

Section: Mirea Et (Ilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the bremsstrahlung of 30-60 MeV electrons. Source term calculation

et al. 2002

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The photofission proces has been recently considered for the production of neutron rich isotopes and the development of radioactive beams. The radioprotection bazard should he sîudied accordingly. A survey of the radiative electron energy loss theory is reported in order to estimate numerically the hremsstrahlung production of thick targets. The resulted bremsstrahlung angdar and energy theoretical distributions delivered from W and UCx thick converters are presented and compared with previous resuits. This study is focused on initiai kinetic energies of the electron heam included in the range 3-60 MeV, suitable for the production of large photon yields able to induce the 238U fission. The source term for 50 MeV incident electrons is reported for radioprotection purposes. RÉSUMÉ

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“…All electrons are followed individually through their multiple elastic and inelastic (excitation and ionization) collisions in Xe, down to sub-ionization energies, i.e., until the primary electron cloud is fully developed. The production of bremsstrahlung was neglected, since for the electron energies involved, radiative losses represent less than 2% of the total energy degradation [21,22].…”

Section: Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Calculated transmission curves for electrons in xenon at atmospheric pressure for three electron energies. The arrows indicate the electron ranges taken from [22].…”

Section: Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation and experimental results for the detection of conversion electrons with gas proportional scintillation counters

Rachinhas

Simões

Lopes

et al. 2000

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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The application of gas proportional scintillation counters (GPSC) to the detection and identi"cation of conversion electrons in the medium energy range is investigated. Experimental and Monte Carlo results are presented for the response of a xenon GPSC, "lled at atmospheric pressure, to the decay of a Cd source. This source emits 88.0 keV -rays, e * "84.6 keV and e ) "62.5 keV conversion electrons, as well as #uorescence X-rays and Auger electrons. Good agreement is found between the measured and the calculated energy spectra. The response to higher-energy electrons is investigated by Monte Carlo simulation, by considering a hypothetical GPSC "lled with xenon at 10 atm and doped with the Xe metastable isotope. The calculated energy spectra for the absorption of the Xe 233.2 keV -rays, e ) "198.6 keV and e * "228.4 keV conversion electrons, as well as #uorescence X-rays and Auger electrons, are presented and discussed.

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Energy loss, range, and bremsstrahlung yield for 10-keV to 100-MeV electrons in various elements and chemical compounds

Cited by 337 publications

References 13 publications

Galactic annihilation emission from nucleosynthesis positrons

Galactic annihilation emission from nucleosynthesis positrons

Modeling the bremsstrahlung of 30-60 MeV electrons. Source term calculation

Simulation and experimental results for the detection of conversion electrons with gas proportional scintillation counters

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