Energy Levels of Germanium, Ge I through Ge XXXII

Abstract

Atomic energy levels of germanium have been compiled for all stages of ionization for which experimentaJ data are available. No data have yet been published for Ge VIII through Ge XIII and Ge XXXII. Very accurate calculated values are compiled for Ge XXXI and XXXII. Experimental g-factors and leading percentages from calculated eigenvectors of levels are given. A value for the ionzation energy, either experimental when available or theoretical, is included for the neutral atom and each ion.

Titanium and germanium lined hohlraums and halfraums as multi-keV x-ray radiators

“…In the bottom panel, a large number of He-like and H-like titanium emission lines are intense as well. The K-shell titanium lines found in literature [29][30][31][32][33][34] are listed in Table III. These spectra give some information about plasma temperature: the presence of intense hydrogen-like lines mean the plasma is highly ionized, laser absorption is good and the laser heating is efficient to produce multi-keV x rays.…”

“…The absence of hydrogen-like lines is clearly observed whatever the type of target, showing that laser heating is too weak to get emission from this ion as well. The K-shell germanium lines found in literature [29][30][31][32][33][34] are listed in Table IV. Time resolved spectra in Figs. 9 and 10 clearly show He ␣ , Ly ␣ , He ␤ , He ␥ , and Ly ␤ titanium lines.…”

The electron impact broadening parameters in hot star atmospheres: Mn II, Mn III, Ga III, Ge III and Ge IV lines

“…The atomic energy levels needed for calculations were taken from Bashkin & Stoner (1987) for Mn II, Moore (1971) for Mn III, Ryabtsev & Wyart (1987) and Isberg & Litzén (1986) for Ga III, Sugar & Musgrove (1993) for Ge III, and in Ryabtsev & Wyart (1987) and Sugar & Musgrove (1993) for Ge IV. Oscillator strengths have been calculated by using the method of Bates & Damgaard (1949) and the tables of Oertel & Shomo (1968).…”

Towards Detection of a Long-lived Protonated Metal Cation: Generation of GeH2+ Using High-Energy Collisions

“…The B3LYP spin densities, 0.49 (Si) and 0.51(H) and 0.37 (Ge) and 0.63 (H), infer a much larger degree of HOMO polarization towards the H atom for GeH 2 , but both spin distributions implicate H-electron donation to the superacid X 2 as the source of molecular stabilization. asymptote, for which empirical spin-orbit-weighted-average corrections of 0.55 kcal mol À1 [24] and 3.37 kcal mol À1 [25] can be used to adjust the surfaces for 2 P 1/2 / 2 P 3/2 X , X Si, Ge, respectively.…”

“…J-level energies (E J ) and corresponding weighted average [a] in eV for Si atoms and Si ions [24] as well as for Ge atoms and Ge ions. [25] Level Si Ge Level Si …”