Energy level alignment at C60/DTDCTB/PEDOT:PSS interfaces in organic photovoltaics

Yoo, Je-Hyun; Jung, Kyu Sik; Jeong, Junkyeong; Hyun, Gyeongho; Lee, Hyunbok; Yi, Yeonjin

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.01.065

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Equipment: For UPS and XPS experiments, a detailed explanation of our in situ analysis system is provided in a previous report [59]. The system comprises a preparation chamber and an analysis chamber connected with a gate valve.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of HAT-CN Layer Thickness on Molecular Orientation and Energy-Level Alignment with ZnPc

Joo

Hur

et al. 2023

Molecules

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Efficient energy-level alignment is crucial for achieving high performance in organic electronic devices. Because the electronic structure of an organic semiconductor is significantly influenced by its molecular orientation, comprehensively understanding the molecular orientation and electronic structure of the organic layer is essential. In this study, we investigated the interface between a 1,4,5,8,9,11-hexaazatriphenylene hexacarbonitrile (HAT-CN) hole injection layer and a zinc-phthalocyanine (ZnPc) p-type organic semiconductor. To determine the energy-level alignment and molecular orientation, we conducted in situ ultraviolet and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies, as well as angle-resolved X-ray absorption spectroscopy. We found that the HAT-CN molecules were oriented relatively face-on (40°) in the thin (5 nm) layer, whereas they were oriented relatively edge-on (62°) in the thick (100 nm) layer. By contrast, ZnPc orientation was not significantly altered by the underlying HAT-CN orientation. The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level of ZnPc was closer to the Fermi level on the 100 nm thick HAT-CN layer than on the 5 nm thick HAT-CN layer because of the higher work function. Consequently, a considerably low energy gap between the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital level of HAT-CN and the HOMO level of ZnPc was formed in the 100 nm thick HAT-CN case. This may improve the hole injection ability of the anode system, which can be utilized in various electronic devices.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of HAT-CN Layer Thickness on Molecular Orientation and Energy-Level Alignment with ZnPc

Joo

Hur

et al. 2023

Molecules

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“…Photoelectron spectra were obtained in the analysis chamber at a base pressure of 2.0 × 10 –10 Torr equipped with a PHI 5700 spectrometer and He Iα ( h ν = 21.22 eV) ultraviolet and monochromatic Al Kα ( h ν = 1486.6 eV) X-ray light sources. The schematic diagram of our in situ system is presented elsewhere . The spectrometer was calibrated based on the Fermi step of clean Au and the binding energy of Au 4f 7/2 at 84.0 eV.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The schematic diagram of our in situ system is presented elsewhere. 29 The spectrometer was calibrated based on the Fermi step of clean Au and the binding energy of Au 4f 7/2 at 84.0 eV. The spectral broadening observed in the current measurements, which was attributed to thermal broadening and the contributions of the spectrometer and light source, was estimated to be 0.09 eV for UPS and 0.9 eV for XPS.…”

Section: ■ Experimental Detailsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling the Electronic Structure of ZnO–C₆₀ Core–Shell Quantum Dots: The Origin of Efficient Electron Transport

et al. 2017

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The electronic structure of ZnO core−C 60 shell (ZnO@C 60 ) quantum dots (QDs) was investigated with the help of model interface analysis between ZnO QDs and C 60 using in situ ultraviolet and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements. To form the ZnO QDs/C 60 interface in situ, a vacuum-integrated electrospray deposition technique was employed to simulate the electronic interactions between ZnO QDs and C 60 upon the formation of a ZnO@C 60 core− shell structure. Photoelectron spectra of ZnO QDs/C 60 interface formation were compared with those of ZnO@C 60 QD and pristine ZnO QD films. The results revealed that ZnO QDs and C 60 interacted via electron transfer leading to the change in ionization energy of the surface C 60 . This induced a negligible energy barrier between the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital level of C 60 and the conduction band minimum of ZnO, which led to efficient electron transport through the ZnO@C 60 QDs.

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“…TiO 2 nanorod arrays As dye-sensitized solar cells [57] Cu 2 FeSnSe 4 (CFTSe) microparticles As a absorption material for solar cell applications [58] Ferroelectric Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 (PZT) thin films and PbS quantumdots(QDs) -hybrid Used in solutionprocessed quantum dots optoelectronics and solar cells [59] Poly (3-Hexylthiophene) (P3HT) thin films Used in organic photovoltaic devices [60] C 60 /DTDCTB/poly(3,4ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS As an efficient donor material in organic photovoltaics (OPVs) [61] GO@SnO2/TiO2 nanofibers Used in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) [62] Jicheng Zhou et al, synthesized Cu 2 FeSnSe 4 (CFTSe) microparticles by an atmospheric pressure liquid reflux method in triethylenetetramine and the CFTSe microparticles are found to have a single-phase stannite structure [58]. Young Hun Paik et al, presented a hybrid photovoltaic device based on PZT thin film with a PbS quantum dot layer using a solution based fabrication process.The overall power conversion efficiency was 0.75% which is higher when compared to PZT film only photovoltaic device [59] T. Sharma et al, investigated the modifications of Poly(3-Hexylthiophene) (P3HT) thin films by irradiating them with 90 MeV Ni 7+ ions at different fluencies (1*10 9 to 1*10 11 ions/cm 2 ) and it is found to have induced molecular ordering due to intense heating effect in the halo region of ion path [60].…”

Section: Ethylenedioxythiophene) (Pedot) Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Jisu Yoo et al, investigated the electronic structure of a narrow band gap small molecule ditolylaminothienyl-benzothiadiazole-dicyanovinylene (DTDCTB), possessing a donoracceptor acceptor configuration, with regard to its application as an efficient donor material in organic photovoltaics (OPVs) [61]. Ibrahim M.A.…”

Section: Ethylenedioxythiophene) (Pedot) Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxide and metallic materials for photovoltaic applications: A Review

Nivetha

Ramasamy

Ayeshamariam³

et al. 2019

Theo. NANOTECHNOLOGY

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Materials and its properties are the main criteria to build its applications; some of the photovoltaic materials could be used in pure form to fabricate photovoltaic applications of the materials LCD (liquid crystal display), LED (Light emitting diodes), photodiodes and photo transistors. When it will be doped with oxide semiconducting materials its applications will be enhanced commercially. The resultant photovoltaic nanocomposites can be easily changed by its shape and parameters. The transparent conductor is applied to the touch screen panel and it is confirmed that all the final devices operate under continuous mechanical stress. This review gave the simple basic ideas of its development from 19 century to recent. The technologies of the photovoltaic applications and its electronic devices were dealt in this review. The unique optical properties of graphene were reported the use of solution processed high quality transparent conductive electrode in an organic solar cell. This review also deals with the reports of many researchers and their fabrications of thieno [3,4-b] thiophene/benzodithiophene: phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PTB7:PCB71M) bulk heterojunction organic solar cell based on the exfoliated graphene (EG) anode exhibits a power conversion efficiency for next-generation flexible optoelectronic devices.

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Energy level alignment at C60/DTDCTB/PEDOT:PSS interfaces in organic photovoltaics

Cited by 22 publications

References 48 publications

Effects of HAT-CN Layer Thickness on Molecular Orientation and Energy-Level Alignment with ZnPc

Effects of HAT-CN Layer Thickness on Molecular Orientation and Energy-Level Alignment with ZnPc

Unveiling the Electronic Structure of ZnO–C₆₀ Core–Shell Quantum Dots: The Origin of Efficient Electron Transport

Oxide and metallic materials for photovoltaic applications: A Review

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Energy level alignment at C60/DTDCTB/PEDOT:PSS interfaces in organic photovoltaics

Cited by 22 publications

References 48 publications

Effects of HAT-CN Layer Thickness on Molecular Orientation and Energy-Level Alignment with ZnPc

Effects of HAT-CN Layer Thickness on Molecular Orientation and Energy-Level Alignment with ZnPc

Unveiling the Electronic Structure of ZnO–C60 Core–Shell Quantum Dots: The Origin of Efficient Electron Transport

Oxide and metallic materials for photovoltaic applications: A Review

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Unveiling the Electronic Structure of ZnO–C₆₀ Core–Shell Quantum Dots: The Origin of Efficient Electron Transport