Energy Harvesting Using a Piezoelectric “Cymbal” Transducer in Dynamic Environment

Kim, Hyeoung Woo; Batra, Anubhav; Priya, Shashank; Uchino, Kenji; Markley, Douglas C.; Newnham, R. E.; Hofmann, Heath

doi:10.1143/jjap.43.6178

Cited by 311 publications

(171 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The recent progress in power harvesting from mechanical vibration to power generation was performed at Pennsylvania State University. [8][9][10] These studies were made on a cymbal transducer having a ceramic dise with a diameter of 29 mm and 1 mm thickness. A power of 39 mW can be transferred across the low impedance load under a dynamic force of 7.8 N at 100 Hz.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy harvesting with piezoelectric drum transducer

Wang

Lam

Sun

et al. 2007

Applied Physics Letters

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Piezoelectric materials can convert ambient vibrations into electrical energy. In this letter, the capability of harvesting the electrical energy from mechanical vibrations in a dynamic environment through a piezoelectric drum transducer has been investigated. Under a prestress of 0.15 N and a cyclic stress of 0.7 N, a power of 11 mW was generated at the resonance frequency of the transducer ͑590 Hz͒ across an 18 k⍀ resistor. It is found that the energy from the transducer increases while the resonance frequency of the transducer decreases when the prestress increases. The results demonstrate the potential of the drum transducer in energy harvesting. © 2007 American Institute of Physics. ͓DOI: 10.1063/1.2713357͔With the recent advances in wireless and microelectromechanical systems technology, the demand for portable electronics and wireless sensors is growing rapidly. Since these devices are portable, it becomes necessary to carry their own power supply. Piezoelectric materials are ideal sources of such energy because they can convert mechanical strain energy into electrical energy or vice versa. Energy can be reclaimed and stored for later use to recharge a battery or power a device through a process called energy harvesting. Many researchers have studied the concept of utilizing piezoelectric material for energy generation over the past few decades. 1-5 In one prototype of power harvesting system, a polyvinylidene fluoride film was used and implemented in vivo on a mongrel dog. The feasibility of extracting energy from the expansion and contraction of the rib cage during breathing was explored in 1984. 6 The power harvesting system produces a peak voltage of 18 V, which corresponded to a power of about 17 W. Another investigation for power harvesting from ambulation to provide supplemental power to operate artificial organs by using lead zirconate titanate ͑PZT͒-based piezoelectric stacks during walking or jogging was performed by Antaki et al. in 1995. 7 An average power of 250-700 mW was extracted from walking, and over 2 W was obtained from jogging. The recent progress in power harvesting from mechanical vibration to power generation was performed at Pennsylvania State University. [8][9][10] These studies were made on a cymbal transducer having a ceramic dise with a diameter of 29 mm and 1 mm thickness. A power of 39 mW can be transferred across the low impedance load under a dynamic force of 7.8 N at 100 Hz. The effective piezoelectric field constant of the material is a crucial parameter for selecting an element of the piezoelectric energy harvesting device, which is proportional to the harvested power. In this letter, a drum transducer was studied as the energy harvesting device because it was reported previously that the drum transducer has good electrical and mechanical performance. 11 It is expected that the energy harvesting performance of the drum transducer can be better than that of the cymbal transducer. The electrical power generation from a single drum transducer element under a cyclic force ...

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy harvesting with piezoelectric drum transducer

Wang

Lam

Sun

et al. 2007

Applied Physics Letters

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“…Prior studies on the cymbal transducer have mostly utilized finite element simulation and experimental methods (Fernandez et al 1998;Kim et al 2004;Kim, Priya, and Uchino 2006;Luo et al 2007;Sun et al 2005;Zhao, Yu, and Ling 2010) to predict the behavior of cymbal shape. However, a simplified analytical model is lacking that can be used on a regular basis for the design and performance optimization.…”

Section: Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, for d 31 mode transducers, mechanical amplifiers can be used to manipulate the input forces, as exemplified in the cymbal transducer. Instead of using the cymbal shape to increase displacements as an actuator (Fernandez et al 1998;Sun et al 2005), it can be used to increase the force on the piezoelectric materials as an energy harvester (Kim et al 2004;Kim, Priya, and Uchino 2006;Zhao, Yu, and Ling 2010). It has been shown that rather than using a circular cymbal, a rectangular cymbal could be used to take better advantage of the crystal orientation in the piezoelectric material (Luo et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Floor Tile Energy Harvester for Self-Powered Wireless Occupancy Sensing

Sharpes

Vučković

Priya

2015

Energy Harvesting and Systems

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We investigate a concept that can reduce the overall power requirement of a smart building through improvements in the real-time control of HVAC and indoor lighting based on the building occupancy. The increased number of embedded sensors necessary to realize the smart building concept results in a complex wiring and power structure. We demonstrate a floor tile energy harvester for creating a wireless and self-powered occupancy sensor. This sensor termed as "Smart Tile Energy Production Technology (STEP Tech)" can be used to control automation in smart buildings such as lighting and climate control based upon the real-time building occupancy mapping. The sensor comprises of piezoelectric transducer, energy harvesting circuit and wireless communication. Modeling and optimization procedure for the piezoelectric cymbal transducer is described within the framework of tiles. The design and selection of a packaging technique and construction of a durable floor tile enclosure aimed at protecting the bulk piezoceramic is discussed within the constraint that the deflection of the tile should be minimal such that it is not readily perceivable by humans, thus not disturbing their gait. Experimental results demonstrate that the piezoelectric tile could provide a promising solution for wireless occupancy sensing.

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“…In deriving the final form of Eq. (7), the following relation was employed: 22,24,29 (8) In Eq. (7), the values of the equivalent mass (M eq ) and the correction factor (M r ) can be calculated as: 20,30 (9) (10) where M b is the mass of a cantilevered PEH and M t denotes the magnitude of a tip mass.…”

Section: Derivation Of a New Energy Conversion Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[4][5][6][7] In this work, we are mainly concerned with piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEHs) because piezoelectricity is known to possess high energy conversion efficiency and ease of miniaturization. 7 Although many improved configurations for PEHs have been proposed to overcome the main issues of insufficient output power and narrow working frequency bandwidth, [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] cantilever-type PEHs with relatively low resonant frequencies have been more commonly employed so far either in unimorph or bimorph configurations. It is noted that cantilever-type PEHs still play a role as a reference when the performance of a newly developed PEH are to be compared.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Energy conversion model for cantilevered piezoelectric vibration energy harvesters using only measurable parameters

Kim

Yoon

et al. 2015

Int. J. of Precis. Eng. and Manuf.-Green Tech.

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Accurate predictions of the amount of harvestable energy available from ambient vibrations are important for design of energy harvesters and for their integration in specific applications. This need has motivated the development of many mathematical models for piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEHs). Existing models, however, require material and geometric PEH data that are often incorrect and/or unavailable. As a more accurate and practical means to meet this need, we propose an energy conversion model of a cantilevered PEH that requires only geometric data and modal parameters that can be directly measured using a standard vibration test. The newly proposed model facilitates calculation of the maximum output power and thus enables visualization of the harvestable energy from the target vibrating structure. Prediction accuracy of the proposed model was confirmed in our study through finite element analysis and experimental results. Practical use of the proposed energy conversion model was demonstrated by applying it to a cooling fan unit of a boiler facility in a power plant.

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Energy Harvesting Using a Piezoelectric “Cymbal” Transducer in Dynamic Environment

Cited by 311 publications

References 8 publications

Energy harvesting with piezoelectric drum transducer

Energy harvesting with piezoelectric drum transducer

Floor Tile Energy Harvester for Self-Powered Wireless Occupancy Sensing

An Energy conversion model for cantilevered piezoelectric vibration energy harvesters using only measurable parameters

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