Energy harvesting, electrical, and magnetic properties of potassium bismuth titanate-based lead-free ceramics

Abstract

In this research, the properties of bismuth potassium titanate modified by bismuth nickel titanate ceramics were investigated. XRD showed that all ceramics exhibited a single perovskite structure. The crystal structure changed from a tetragonal to a cubic phase with increasing modifier content. Average grain size decreased while the bulk density and hardness increased with the modifier. The improvement of mechanical properties was related to the change in microstructural and density. The 5 -10 mol% ceramics showed the good electrical properties. The maximum dielectric properties (ε′ = 1763, tan δ = 0.0697) were obtained for the 10 mol% ceramic. The highest piezoelectric voltage constant (g 33 = 23.92 × 10 −3 Vm/N) and the offresonance figure of merit (FoM) for energy harvesting (~ 6.64 pm 2 /N) were obtained for the 5 mol% ceramic, which was ~ 5.0 times (or 399%) as compared to the pure BKT ceramic. The additive also produced an improvement in the magnetization-magnetic field hysteresis loop. The obtained results suggested that the additive not only enhanced the mechanical properties but also improved the ferroelectric, magnetic, and energy harvesting performances of the studied ceramics.

Enhanced magnetic performance and in‐vitro apatite‐forming ability of the CoFe2O4 doped nano‐hydroxyapatite porous bioceramics

“…The mechanical performances are also important for some biomaterials applications (Jaita & Jarupoom 2021, Jaita et al 2021; Osuchukwu et al, 2021). Conventional indentation tests, for example, the elastic modulus, the hardness, the toughness of bulk materials, the tensile properties, the compressive strength, the bending strength, and the adhesion of ceramic coatings (Ghorbal et al, 2017), have been widely used to determine the mechanical properties of materials.…”

“…Conventional indentation tests, for example, the elastic modulus, the hardness, the toughness of bulk materials, the tensile properties, the compressive strength, the bending strength, and the adhesion of ceramic coatings (Ghorbal et al, 2017), have been widely used to determine the mechanical properties of materials. In this present work, the hardness test of all ceramics was measured by a Leco Hardness Tester with HV and HK indenters (Jaita & Jarupoom 2021, Jaita et al 2021). The HV and HK were calculated based on the empirical Equations (5–6) and the values were listed in Table 3.…”

“…For the HK test, a lozenge‐based pyramid with two different semi‐apex angles θ 1 = 86°15, θ 2 = 65° along the width b and the length L , respectively, were used (Ghorbal et al, 2017). The HK was calculated using the following empirical equation (Ghorbal et al, 2017; Jaita et al, 2020; Jaita & Jarupoom 2021, Jaita et al 2021): where P is the applied load (N) and L is the measured long diagonal of the residual impression (mm). The compressive strength ( σ c ) and bending strength or flexural strength ( σ f ) were also studied in this work.…”

Design of lead-free BCZT-based ceramics with enhanced piezoelectric energy harvesting performances

“…Recently, piezoelectric energy harvesting (PEH) using piezoelectric materials has attracted extensive attention due to the strong demand of self-powered electronics. 1,2 A key factor for evaluating the piezoelectric energy harvester is the piezoelectric voltage coefficient ( g 33 ) value, 3 which is calculated from eqn (1). 4 Besides, the figure of merit (FoM) for energy harvesting is evaluated via eqn (2), 4 where g 33 , d 33 , ε r and ε 0 are the piezoelectric voltage constant, the measured piezoelectric coefficients, the dielectric permittivity and the dielectric permittivity in a vacuum, respectively.FoM = d 33 × g 33 .…”

Optimizing Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting from Mechanical Vibration for Electrical Efficiency: A Comprehensive Review

“…Characteristics: Lower transduction efficiency compared to lead-based counterparts like bismuth sodium titanate (BNT-BKT) [41,42].…”