Energy harvesting based on FE-FE transition in ferroelectric single crystals

Guyomar, Daniel; Pruvost, Sébastien; Sebald, Gaël

doi:10.1109/tuffc.2008.646

Cited by 68 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…[ 8,9 ] To date, considerable effort, in terms of theoretical investigations, materials, and systems, has been devoted to developing the pyroelectric effect as a useful renewable energy source. [10][11][12][13][14] This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifi cations or adaptations are made. The copyright line for this article was changed on 14 May 2015 after original online publication.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/aenm201401942mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The produced loop area is considered as an energy density ( N D , the area of the D -E loop); the power density ( P D , = N D f ) is also evaluated from the area. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] To the best of our knowledge, there is no application that satisfi es a true energy breakeven because of the diffi culties associated with fi nding a suitable energy source that can simultaneously give alternative heat and an electric fi eld. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] In this study, a novel electrothermodynamic cycle is presented based on temporal temperature variation to obtain practical net energy from exhaust heat of automobile.…”

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Novel Electrothermodynamic Power Generation

Kim¹,

Kim²,

Yamanaka³

et al. 2015

Advanced Energy Materials

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The electrothermodynamic cycle is described by the loop of the electric displacement, D , versus the electric fi eld, E ( D-E loop). In Figure 1 a, a schematic of the theoretical Olsen cycle is presented as ABCD. The cycle begins at a low temperature ( T low ) with no electric fi eld (point A). When the electric fi eld ( E 1 ) is applied, the state moves to point B (path AB), corresponding to the hysteresis loop section of the material obtained at T low (see Figure S1b, Supporting Information), denoting an increase in electric displacement. The temperature is increased to the value T high (path BC). Then, electric displacement corresponds to another hysteresis loop, obtained at T high (point C). Removing the external electric fi eld, the state moves to point D along the hysteresis loop at T high (path CD). Finally, the temperature is decreased to T low , and the state moves to point A (path DA). The produced loop area is considered as an energy density ( N D , the area of the D -E loop); the power density ( P D , = N D f ) is also evaluated from the area. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] To the best of our knowledge, there is no application that satisfi es a true energy breakeven because of the diffi culties associated with fi nding a suitable energy source that can simultaneously give alternative heat and an electric fi eld. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] In this study, a novel electrothermodynamic cycle is presented based on temporal temperature variation to obtain practical net energy from exhaust heat of automobile. Another representative heat electric conversion cycle, the Stirling cycle, is modifi ed, and this cycle has a higher potential than the Olsen cycle. [ 6,7 ] The most representative pyro and piezoelectric material, PZT (C-6, Curie temperature T C : 305 °C), is employed. The temperature variation is considered as a simple pseudo-sinusoidal wave based on the imaging of the temperature fl uctuation of the exhaust gas. An external electric fi eld is applied to the material corresponding to the temperature variation (see details in the Supporting Information). The general Sawyer-Tower (ST) circuit is redesigned by inductions of a Diode and a SWitch (named as DSW circuit, see Figure S2b, Supporting Information) to evaluate the D-E loop and simultaneously harvest the net energy.In Figure 1 a, a schematic of our cycle (ABC 1 D) is shown. The AB path is the same as the Olsen cycle. The material is then isolated and the electric displacement D is kept constant while the temperature is increased to T high . The voltage is increased to the E 2 value (path BC 1 ) based on the electrothermodynamic equation: [ 15,16 ] and p are the electric displacement, electric fi eld, temperature, dielectric permittivity, time, and pyroelectric coeffi cient, respectively (see details in the Supporting Information). Then, the material is reconnected to the circuit, and the state moves to point D (path C 1 D). Finally, temperature is decreased back to T low , and the D-E loop is closed. The triangular area BC 1 C is the additional ...

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Section: Doi: 101002/aenm201401942mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Electrothermodynamic Power Generation

Kim¹,

Kim²,

Yamanaka³

et al. 2015

Advanced Energy Materials

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“…[9][10][11][12] To date, considerable effort has been devoted to investigating the pyroelectric effect to develop a useful renewable energy source based on theoretical investigations, materials, and systems. [13][14][15][16][17][18] In the 1980s, Olsen et al reported on an electrothermodynamic cycle (Olsen cycle) using the pyroelectric effect and an external electric field, [19,20] which can be described by a loop of electric displacement, D, versus the electric field, E (D-E loop). The area denotes an energy density (N D , theoretical generating potential), and a power density (P D , = N D f ) can also be evaluated.…”

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confidence: 99%

Relationship Between the Material Properties and Pyroelectric‐Generating Performance of PZTs

Yamanaka¹,

Kim²,

Nakajima³

et al. 2017

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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according to a given temperature variation during generating cycle:It was indicated that the D F could be effective as a FOM for the pyroelectric generating performance and the dielectric loss (tanδ) significantly affected the generating performance in addition to p under hightemperature and electric-field conditions. Furthermore, of the PZTs tested, the C-91 sample (see further), which showed the highest generating performance, resulted in a generated energy of 1.3 mW cm −3 in the engine dynamometer assessment. This is 13 times greater than the generated energy reported in a previous study of C-6 (0.1 mW cm −3 ). [1] How much wasted heat exists, and how can we utilize it as renewable energy? These questions have been explored in automotive applications. Recently, there has been increasing interest in thermoelectric generation as an energy-regeneration technology because of the increasing concerns about environmental pollution and commitments to a low-carbon society.Therefore, to improve the fuel efficiency (energy saving) of automobiles, in this study, we focus on exhaust losses (exhaust gas), which account for approximately 30% of the gasoline energy, which is equal to the driving energy, [2] and developed an exhaust energy-regeneration technology based on thermoelectric generation.In pyroelectric applications, the general figures of merit (FOMs) have been applied and reported near room temperature. We derived the modified FOMs in considering our electro-thermodynamic cycle for the usage environment of automotive applications. The relationship between the material properties and generating performance of PZTs was investigated at various temperatures. The F D was suggested from F D , a FOM for a pyroelectric sensor, based on the modified pyroelectric coefficient (p); p . p was calculated by the change of the spontaneous polarization (P S ) according to a given temperature variation during one cycle; ΔP S /ΔT (T max −T min ). It was indicated that the F F D D could be effective as a FOM for the pyroelectric generating performance and the dielectric loss (tanδ ) significantly affected the generating performance in addition to p p under high-temperature and electric field conditions. Furthermore, of the PZTs tested, C-91 sample which showed the highest generating performance resulted in a generating energy of 1.3 mW cm -3 in the engine dynamometer assessment. This is 13 times greater than the generating energy reported in a previous study of C-6 (0.1 mW cm -3 ).In pyroelectric applications, general figures of merit (FOMs) have been applied and reported at near room temperature. We derived modified FOMs for the usage environment of automotive applications by considering an electro-thermodynamic cycle. The relationship between the material properties and the generating performance of lead zirconate titanates (PZTs) was investigated at various temperatures. A general FOM F D for a pyroelectric sensor, quantifying the electrical noise caused by thermal energy (Johnson noise) was modified and suggested as D

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“…Over the past 10 years, there has been a considerable upsurge of interest in the technological applications of the PE for the recovery of electrical energy from waste heat 4 (to power autonomous sensors or improve the overall efficiency of combustion engines, for example) and of the ECE in new cooling systems 5,6 (to eliminate the use of liquid refrigerants). The two effects are intimately related.…”

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Next-generation electrocaloric and pyroelectric materials for solid-state electrothermal energy interconversion

Mantese²,

et al. 2014

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Thin-film electrocaloric and pyroelectric electrothermal interconversion energy sources have recently emerged as viable means for primary and auxiliary solid-state cooling and power generation. Two significant advances have facilitated this development: (1) the formation of high-quality polymeric and ceramic thin films with figures of merit that project system-level performance as a large percentage of Carnot efficiency and (2) the ability of these newer materials to support larger electric fields, thereby permitting operation at higher voltages.This makes the power electronic architectures more favorable for thermal to electric interconversion. Current research targets to adequately address commercial device needs include reduction of parasitic losses, increases in mechanical robustness, and the ability to form nearly free-standing elements with thicknesses in the range of 1-10 m. This article describes the current state-ofthe-art materials, thermodynamic cycles, and device losses and points toward potential lines of research that would lead to substantially better figures of merit for electrothermal interconversion.Keywords: Material type-polymer (143), Material type-ceramic (121), Functionality-energy generation (189), , Material form-film (231), Transport-ferroelectricity (288) Fundamentals of ferroelectrics materials: Pyroelectrics and ElectrocaloricsIt has long been known that, when heated, materials such as the borosilicate tourmaline have the ability to attract objects such as pieces of feather, pollen, and cloth. This is due to the appearance of a surface charge in response to a temperature change. The history of this phenomenon, which is known as the pyroelectric effect (PE), was charted by Lang, 1 from its first description by Dielectrics whose structures possess both a unique axis of symmetry and lack a center of symmetry (i.e., that are "polar") display a spontaneous polarization (PS) and will exhibit a PE due to temperature-induced changes in PS. MRS BulletinThese variations in PS result in uncompensated charge appearing along surfaces that have a component normal to the polar axis, generating a net voltage across the dielectric. If the surfaces are provided with electrodes that are connected through an external circuit, this surface charge can cause a current to flow, potentially resulting in useful work. In the absence of an applied electric field or applied stress, the pyroelectric coefficient p(T) is defined as the rate of change of spontaneous polarization with temperature such that p(T) = dPS/dT. If electrodes are applied to the major faces perpendicular to the polar axis, as illustrated in Figure 1a, and the temperature is changed at a rate dT/dt, then the short-circuitThe converse of the pyroelectric effect is called the electrocaloric effect (ECE; see Figure 1b). Here, an electric field applied to a polar dielectric causes a change in temperature in the material. Conceptually, the ECE is somewhat harder to grasp than the PE, but it is analogous to the changes in temperature and en...

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Energy harvesting based on FE-FE transition in ferroelectric single crystals

Cited by 68 publications

References 28 publications

Novel Electrothermodynamic Power Generation

Novel Electrothermodynamic Power Generation

Relationship Between the Material Properties and Pyroelectric‐Generating Performance of PZTs

Next-generation electrocaloric and pyroelectric materials for solid-state electrothermal energy interconversion

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