Energy Harvesting and Wireless Transfer in Sensor Network Applications

Abstract

Advances in micro-electronics and miniaturized mechanical systems are redefining the scope and extent of the energy constraints found in battery-operated wireless sensor networks (WSNs). On one hand, ambient energy harvesting may prolong the systems’ lifetime or possibly enable perpetual operation. On the other hand, wireless energy transfer allows systems to decouple the energy sources from the sensing locations, enabling deployments previously unfeasible. As a result of applying these technologies to WSNs, the assumption of a finite energy budget is replaced with that of potentially infinite , yet intermittent , energy supply, profoundly impacting the design, implementation, and operation of WSNs. This article discusses these aspects by surveying paradigmatic examples of existing solutions in both fields and by reporting on real-world experiences found in the literature. The discussion is instrumental in providing a foundation for selecting the most appropriate energy harvesting or wireless transfer technology based on the application at hand. We conclude by outlining research directions originating from the fundamental change of perspective that energy harvesting and wireless transfer bring about.

Optimization of distributed detection in energy harvesting wireless sensor networks with multiple antenna fusion center

“…By paying attention to the conditional PDF of (7b), NP criteria can be obtained using (6) for the assumption  1 ; by subsequent substitution in (8), the probability of detection and probability of false alarm for the detector can be obtained as follows:…”

“…Its primary design objective is to devise a hybrid EH system to extend the operational lifetime of the WSN node after they are deployed in the field environment. EH can have many variables . When an energy source behaves in a period, for example, solar and thermal, designers can improve their design for continuous and energy‐efficient operation.…”

“…EH can have many variables. 8 When an energy source behaves in a period, for example, solar and thermal, designers can improve their design for continuous and energy-efficient operation.…”

Software Adaptation in Wireless Sensor Networks

“…The radio is also used to off-load the contact traces when in reach of a fixed base-station. Small solar panels harvest energy to prolong the node lifetime [Bhatti et al 2016 velopers often deploy systems with little confidence in their correctness [Sasnauskas et al 2010;Iwanicki et al 2014]. Contribution.…”

RF Powered Gas Wireless Sensor Node for Smart Applications

“…The application of energy harvesting technology to the Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) turns out to be a popular trend over the last two decades [2] since limited energy resources of WSN restrict their deployment in the applications requiring unattended and long-term operation, e.g., combustible gases detection and air quality control in the cities [3]. The significant progress and adoption of wireless and mobile communications operating at 900/1800/1900 MHz, 2.4 GHz, as well as digital TV, opens up wide vista for far-field RF energy harvesting and its application to powering tiny, autonomous WSN [4].…”