Energy harvesting: an integrated view of materials, devices and applications

Radousky, Harry B.; Liang, Hong

doi:10.1088/0957-4484/23/50/502001

Cited by 141 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 134 publications

(212 reference statements)

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“…Considering a density of 7.5 g/cm 3 , the typical specific power of 13 MEMS PZT piezoelectric energy harvesters are in the order of 100 µW/g. 2 However, the frequencies are typically 100-1,000 Hz which leads to a specific energy per cycle in the order of 0.1-1 µJ/g per cycle. The specific energy per cycle of the present harvester is much higher, 100-350 µJ/g per cycle at a frequency of 2.5 mHz (for 400 s cycle time), and it could be even higher for higher cycle times.…”

Section: Harvested Energy and Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

Piezo-Electrochemical Energy Harvesting with Lithium-Intercalating Carbon Fibers

Jacques

Lindbergh

Zenkert

et al. 2015

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The mechanical and electrochemical properties are coupled through a piezo-electrochemical effect in Li-intercalated carbon fibres. It is demonstrated that this piezo-electrochemical effect makes it possible to harvest electrical energy from mechanical work. Continuous polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibres that can work both as electrodes for Li-ion batteries and structural reinforcement for composites materials are used in this study. Applying a tensile force to carbon fibre bundles used as Li-intercalating electrodes results in a response of the electrode potential of a few mV which allows, at low current densities, lithiation at higher electrode potential than delithiation. More electrical energy is thereby released from the cell at discharge than provided at charge, harvesting energy from the mechanical work of the applied force. The measured harvested specific electrical power is in the order of 1 µW/g for current densities in the order of 1 mA/g, but this has a potential of being increased significantly.

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Section: Harvested Energy and Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

Piezo-Electrochemical Energy Harvesting with Lithium-Intercalating Carbon Fibers

Jacques

Lindbergh

Zenkert

et al. 2015

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Standard strategies for other thermoelectric materials for lattice thermal conductivity reduction include alloying, construction of superlattices, nanoinclusions, or grain boundaries. 10,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] In addition, Sc is naturally isotope-pure and ScN thus lacks, with the exception of the small effect of 0.4% 15 N, 23 isotope reduction of thermal conductivity. Consequently, the possibilities to substantially reduce the thermal conductivity by alloying or nanostructure engineering are particularly promising in this material.…”

Section: à3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase stability of ScN-based solid solutions for thermoelectric applications from first-principles calculations

Kerdsongpanya

Alling

Eklund

2013

Journal of Applied Physics

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We have used first-principles calculations to investigate the trends in mixing thermodynamics of ScN-based solid solutions in the cubic B1 structure. 13 different Sc1−xMxN (M = Y, La, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Gd, Lu, Al, Ga, In) and three different ScN1−xAx (A = P, As, Sb) solid solutions are investigated and their trends for forming disordered or ordered solid solutions or to phase separate are revealed. The results are used to discuss suitable candidate materials for different strategies to reduce the high thermal conductivity in ScN-based systems, a material having otherwise promising thermoelectric properties for medium and high temperature applications. Our results indicate that at a temperature of T = 800 °C, Sc1−xYxN; Sc1−xLaxN; Sc1−xGdxN, Sc1−xGaxN, and Sc1−xInxN; and ScN1−xPx, ScN1−xAsx, and ScN1−xSbx solid solutions have phase separation tendency, and thus, can be used for forming nano-inclusion or superlattices, as they are not intermixing at high temperature. On the other hand, Sc1−xTixN, Sc1−xZrxN, Sc1−xHfxN, and Sc1−xLuxN favor disordered solid solutions at T = 800 °C. Thus, the Sc1−xLuxN system is suggested for a solid solution strategy for phonon scattering as Lu has the same valence as Sc and much larger atomic mass.

Funding Agencies|Swedish Research Council (VR)|621-2009-5258621-2012-4430621-2011-4417|Linnaeus Strong Research Environment LiLi-NFM||Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research||Linkoping Center in Nanoscience and technology (CeNano)||

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“…The energy harvester that harvests kinetic energy from human motion is usually based on the piezoelectric effect that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy [18]. The most common piezoelectric materials used in kinetic energy harvester are lead zirconate titanate (PZT) and polyvinylidenefluride (PVDF) [7,[18][19][20]. The piezoelectric effect of PZT is based on the distortion of its perovskite unit cell under mechanical deformation [21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy harvesting study on single and multilayer ferroelectret foams under compressive force

Luo

Zhu

Shi

et al. 2015

IEEE Trans. Dielect. Electr. Insul.

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Cellular polypropylene (PP) ferroelectret is a thin and flexible cellular polymer foam that generates electrical power under mechanical force. This work investigates single and multilayer ferroelectret PP foams and their potential to supply energy for human-bodyworn sensors. Human foot-fall is emulated using an electrodynamic instrument, allowing applied compressive force and momentum to be correlated with energy output. Peak power, output pulse duration, and energy per strike is derived experimentally as a function of force and momentum, and shown to be a strong function of external load resistance, thus providing a clear maximum energy point. The possibility of increasing pulse time and reducing voltage to CMOS compatible levels at some expense of peak power is shown. To further increase the output power, multilayer ferroelectret is presented. The synchronized power generation of each layer is studied and illustrated using simulation, and results are supported by experiments. Finally, the energy output of single-layer and multi-layer ferroelectrets are compared by charging a capacitor via a rectifier. A ten-layer ferroelectret is shown to have charging ability 29.1 times better than that of the single-layer ferroelectret. It demonstrates energy output that is capable of powering the start-up and transmission of a typical low-power wireless sensor chipset.

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Energy harvesting: an integrated view of materials, devices and applications

Cited by 141 publications

References 134 publications

Piezo-Electrochemical Energy Harvesting with Lithium-Intercalating Carbon Fibers

Piezo-Electrochemical Energy Harvesting with Lithium-Intercalating Carbon Fibers

Phase stability of ScN-based solid solutions for thermoelectric applications from first-principles calculations

Energy harvesting study on single and multilayer ferroelectret foams under compressive force

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