Energy Governance in the Republic of Poland

Zoll, Maksymilian

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-73526-9_22-1

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…On the basis of the analysis of changes in greenhouse gas emissions (Table 1) and the share of individual energy sources, it can be concluded that the policies from the Polish government since the beginning of economic and political changes (1989) have been ineffectual in this respect. The Polish government, as stated by Zoll [53], the main actor in the process of energy transformation and decarbonisation, is simply ineffective. Additionally, to some extent, it has become a hostage of mining trade unions for many years, opposing the reduction of hard coal mining in the country, which was also indicated by Brauers and Oei [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rich literature on energy transformation in Poland most often addresses issues and problems related to mining and energy industry based on hard coal [47][48][49][50], the problems of nuclear energy [51] and of energy based on RES [52] and matters of political challenges posed by energy transformation for Poland, both in the internal dimension [53] and Poland's obligations as a member of the European Union [54,55]. The input factors include historical conditions, the current structure of energy produced (dominance of fossil resources) and alternative visions of transformation (RES, nuclear energy and offshore wind energy).…”

Section: The Energy Policy Of Poland Until 2040 (Pep2040)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Challenges of Poland’s Energy Transition

2021

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The ongoing climate changes necessitate an effective climate policy. The energy transition is now an important topic and problem, especially in Poland. (1) The undertaken analysis of the problem of energy transition is important for political, social and technological reasons. Political, because it shows the weakness of the implementation of Polish energy policy in regards to climate change. Social, because energy transition will bring about significant social changes in the largest industrial region of Poland. Technological, as the departure from fossil fuels requires the introduction of other sources of energy on a massive scale, for which Poland is not prepared. The aim of the study was to critically analyse the activities to date in the field of energy transition in Poland. The second goal of the analysis was an attempt to answer the question of whether the process of energy transition and achieving the goals set in the EU’s European Green Deal are possible at all until 2050. (2) To achieve the goals, the system method and the decision-making method were primarily used. These methods allowed for an examination of the main determinants of the Polish energy transformation. (3) The main results include the confirmation, contrary to the announcements of the Polish government, that despite the adoption in Poland of the strategy “Poland’s energy policy until 2040”, the effective implementation of the energy transition before 2050 is not only very difficult, but may even be impossible to implement in the assumed time. This is due to political, economic, social and technological conditions. Coal energy is outdated, expensive and ineffective. Due to natural conditions, wind energy is not able to meet the energy demand of the industry. The development of nuclear energy is only in the planning phase. (4) To sum up, in the next thirty years, Poland will not be able to achieve the assumed effects of the energy transition, which is in contradiction with the official declaration of the government.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Energy Policy Of Poland Until 2040 (Pep2040)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Challenges of Poland’s Energy Transition

2021

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“…On the other hand, this ambition has been constantly bedevilled by continuing conflict between different blocs of Member States, namely those in favour of more stringent climate action and those who prefer policies that stress security of the energy supply as well as independence from key actors, such as Russia (see Knodt, 2018;Zoll, 2020). As a result, the Member States have generally been hesitant to harden climate policy monitoring, and thus have often pushed in the opposite direction, i.e.…”

Section: The Member Statesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards harder soft governance? Monitoring climate policy in the EU

Schoenefeld

Jordan

2020

Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning

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In the emerging debate on 'harder soft governance,' the relationship between hard and soft elements has not been fully explored. This paper addresses this gap by looking at the changing nature of policy monitoring, a quintessentially soft governance mechanism. It focuses on climate change, a dynamic site of policy expansion and experimentation in which the EU has historically been an international frontrunner. This paper finds that a range of 'harder' elements have been added to the EU's climate policy monitoring over time, including more explicit legal provisions, greater external publicity, and more concrete links to other policy processes. These changes have emerged from politically sensitive negotiations between many actors, principally the European Commission, the European Parliament and the European Environment Agency (who together have generally favoured greater hardening), and Member States (some of whom preferred softer governance) in the context of changing international opportunities and constraints. Moving forward, this paper highlights the need for more research on the efficacy of policy monitoring, especially with respect to the EU's significantly more ambitious long-term decarbonisation targets.

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“…With more selfconfidence and bolstered by a rising anti-European sentiment at home, many governments of the Visegr ad Group opposed strong regulation on renewable energies (and especially binding, national-level targets), arguing that the Member States should stay in full control of choosing their energy sources (Interview August 2017); (even though some differences do emerge in this group on renewables; see Cetkovi c and Buzog any 2019). In particular, countries such as Poland were keen to retain control over their national energy mix to exploit their national coal resources and ensure the security of their supply (Solorio and Bocquillon 2017), lest they become dependent on Russian oil and gas, a situation that continues to be highly politically unattractive for the Polish people, especially in light of the recent Ukrainian gas crises (Zoll 2020). In our interviews, Polish representatives also stressed the need to retain flexibility because renewable energy expansion tends to be nonlinear and expansion costs tend to decrease over time (Interview March 2018).…”

Section: Actor Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Softening the surface but hardening the core? Governing renewable energy in the EU

Schoenefeld

Knodt

2020

West European Politics

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Soft law and governance captured the attention of scholars in the 2000s, and new policy challenges and the novel introduction of 'harder' elements now drive a (re)turn to these discussions. This article explores the extent to which dynamics leading towards 'harder soft governance' (HSG) appear in the EU's renewable energy governance by comparing the 2020 and 2030 Renewable Energy Directives. Document analysis and interviews reveal a surface-level softening because the new 2030 directive contains no binding national targets for the Member States. An entrepreneurial Commission has been seeking to introduce 'harder elements' at the core by focusing on implementation, allowing for potentially deeper influence on the national energy mixes though the Energy Union. Two main factors drive these changes: the evolving international context of climate change governance, as well as re-configurations of the actors in the EU. Future research should explore the effectiveness of emerging HSG in detail.

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Energy Governance in the Republic of Poland

Cited by 5 publications

References 88 publications

The Challenges of Poland’s Energy Transition

The Challenges of Poland’s Energy Transition

Towards harder soft governance? Monitoring climate policy in the EU

Softening the surface but hardening the core? Governing renewable energy in the EU

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