Energy, Forests and Environmental Sustainability: A Comparative Analysis of Developed and Developing Economies

Abstract

The use of fossil fuels is essential for economic growth, but it also creates environmental hazards that cause 5 million people to die every year. The use of renewable energy is limited because of financial constraints, and there is a need to find ways to decouple fossil fuel consumption and pollution. This study provides a way forward by introducing forest as a moderator. This study has taken data from all countries of the world from 2011 to 2021 and estimated the impact of forests, energy consumption, forest-energy moderator, population, and gross fixed capital formation on the environment. Leveraging the Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS) estimation technique to address heterogeneity and outliers, the study reveals that while the effects of forests and energy consumption align, population density and gross fixed capital formation exert disparate influences on the environment in developing and developed nations. The incorporation of forests as a moderator emerges as a consistently effective measure.

Evaluating Innovation and Institutions for Tech-Trade: A Global Assessment in the Quest for Sustainable Economic Prosperity

“…Rahman et al (2020) highlight a positive relationship between R&D, innovation, high-tech exports, and economic growth across 51 countries from 2001 to 2015, with long-term effects observed in high-income countries. Other scholars who have worked on innovation and technology are (Shabeer & Rasul, 2024b;Wang et al, 2023;Huang et al, 2023;Arshed et al, 2022;Gul et al, 2022).…”

“…Chaudhry (2011) concluded that countries with strong institutions tend to gain more from trade in terms of growth, while countries with weak institutions face challenges in maximizing the benefits of trade. Institutions and innovation play significant roles in high-tech trade (Shabeer & Rasul, 2024b). Tebaldi (2011) discovered that institutions alone don't directly influence high-tech exports.…”

Unravelling Fin-Tech Influence on Financial Penetration: The Global Assessment

“…By bridging these research gaps and providing a thorough analysis of the intricate interactions between fin-tech, traditional banking, and contextual factors, this study hopes to significantly contribute to the ongoing effort to achieve financial inclusion for all. Policymakers, financial institutions, and fin-tech companies can work together more successfully to develop and execute long-term solutions that close the gap in commercial banking penetration and empower people and communities worldwide by comprehending the complex dynamics at work (Singh et al, 2021;Shabeer & Rasul, 2024b).…”

Understanding the Dynamics of the Fiscal Landscape Through Institutional Lenses: A Case Study of South Asia

“…One of the most important issues is the collection of tax revenue because, despite differences in economic conditions, different nations have different taxation structures. However, many countries share a parallel structure for sales taxes, excise taxes, and customs duties (Baunsgaard & Keen, 2010;Shabeer & Rasul, 2024b).…”