Energy evaluations in wireless sensor networks

Abstract

The development of energy-efficient applications and protocols is one of the most important issues in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). However, most publications up to now avoid time consuming realistic energy evaluations and oversimplify their evaluation with regard to energy-efficiency. This work aims at lowering the barrier for realistic energy evaluations. We focus on a generic application that simply transmits one packet using TinyOS Low Power Listening (LPL), which we evaluate using the WSN testbed SANDbed. Our results disprove some intuitive expectations. For example, we show that transmitting packets with a large payload can be cheaper in terms of energy consumption than a small payload. As packet transmission is part of almost any WSN application, the results shown are important to many WSN protocol evaluations. As an addition, we contribute our lessons learned by discussing the most important challenges and pitfalls we faced during our evaluation.

Evaluating the energy-efficiency of key exchange protocols in wirelesssensor networks

“…With this parametrization, a reliable use of the LPL protocol is simply not possible, up to 80% of the messages are lost. This effects and misconfiguration was also reported in [2]. To achieve a reliable message transmission, we had to use a CCA check time of 12 ms and a delay after reception of 100 ms.…”

“…One example is using the popular TOSSIM [1] simulator, that omits lower network levels ignoring influences of the radio channel or the MAC protocol. It has been shown [2], that just counting data packets or data volume and then estimating the energy consumption is a common, but inaccurate way. Instead, cross-layer effects play an important role.…”

“…For the real world evaluation, we use three IRIS nodes in our testbed SANDbed. To avoid timing based effects, all nodes are powered on randomly as proposed in[2].…”

Poster: Energy-efficiency of WSN concast communication

“…Energy consumption is a cross layer phenomenon which significantly depends on the type and parametrization of the MAC layer, as described in [1]. To be as realistic as possible, we implemented the generic concast scenario using TinyOS and enabled the TinyOS Low Power Listening (LPL) MAC protocol.…”

Energy Consumption Analysis of Wsn’s Various Environment for Adequate Key-Redistribution in Def.

“…A BS node verifies reports and transmit to user event alarm. A sensor node composed of a processor, a memory, a power supply, and a wireless transmitter [2]. Wireless sensor nodes have limited processing capability, memory, and battery Due to their limited production cost [3].…”