Energy-Efficient Hybrid Precoding for Massive MIMO mmWave Systems With a Fully-Adaptive-Connected Structure

Abstract

This paper investigates the hybrid precoding design in millimeter-wave (mmWave) systems with a fully-adaptive-connected precoding structure, where a switch-controlled connection is deployed between every antenna and every radio frequency (RF) chain. To maximally enhance the energy efficiency (EE) of hybrid precoding under this structure, the joint optimization of switch-controlled connections and the hybrid precoders is formulated as a large-scale mixed-integer non-convex problem with highdimensional power constraints. To efficiently solve such a challenging problem, we first decouple it into a continuous hybrid precoding (CHP) subproblem. Then, with the hybrid precoder obtained from the CHP subproblem, the original problem can be equivalently reformulated as a discrete connection-state (DCS) problem with only 0-1 integer variables. For the CHP subproblem, we propose an alternating hybrid precoding (AHP) algorithm. Then, with the hybrid precoder provided by the AHP algorithm, we develop a matching assisted fully-adaptive hybrid precoding (MA-FAHP) algorithm to solve the DCS problem. It is theoretically shown that the proposed MA-FAHP algorithm always converges to a stable solution with the polynomial complexity. Finally, simulation results demonstrate that the superior performance of the proposed MA-FAHP algorithm in terms of EE and beampattern. Index TermsMillimeter wave, massive MIMO, hybrid precoding, energy efficiency This paper was partially presented at the IEEE ICC 2019 [1].

Energy‐efficiency hybrid beamforming architecture design for MIMO network

“…The energy efficiencies of the OMP algorithm and EEHP algorithm are limited since all phase shifters are used, which increases the power consumption. Besides, the proposed Algorithm 1 performs better than the MA‐FAHP algorithm [6] for arbitrary value of transmit power budget.…”

Joint Hybrid and Passive RIS-Assisted Beamforming for MmWave MIMO Systems Relying on Dynamically Configured Subarrays

“…In each sub-array, only high-resolution phase shifters are used; 2) SIC-based Joint Design, Twin Resolution: we adopt the proposed method for the advocated structure; 3) SIC-based Joint Design, Low Resolution: this scenario is similar to 1) except that only low-resolution phase shifters are adopted in each sub-array. Although controlling all switches will lead to some energy loss [78], the main power dissipation of the dynamically configurable switching network advocated is due to the total power of the switches enabled during the transmission [79], [80]. Hence the power consumption of the switches is given by N t P SW .…”

Initial Value Acceleration-Based Alternating Minimization Algorithm for Dynamic Sub-Connected Hybrid Precoding in Millimeter Wave MIMO Systems

“…The energy efficiency calculation formula of the hybrid precoding system is: EE = SE P common + N t rf P rf + N t P pa + N ps P ps + N sw P sw + P o (22) where P common , P rf , P pa , P ps , P sw and P o are, respectively, the power of the transmitter, RF chain, power amplifier, phase shifter, switch, and the other circuit components, including baseband processor, filtering, etc. This article sets the simulation parameters as: P common = FB 2 F W, P rf = 0.3 W, P ps = 0.05 W, P pa = 0.3 W, P sw = 0.01 W, P o = 0.5 W [22]. N sw and N ps are, respectively, the number of switches and the number of phase shifters, defined as follows:…”