Energy Efficient Hybrid Beamforming for Multi-User Millimeter Wave Communication With Low-Resolution A/D at Transceivers

Recent studies have shown that low-resolution analog-to-digital-converters and digital-to-analog-converters (ADCs and DACs) can make fully-digital beamforming more power efficient than its analog or hybrid beamforming counterpart over wide-band millimeter-wave (mmWave) channels. Inspired by this, we propose a computationally efficient fully-digital beamformer relying on low-resolution ADCs/DACs for multi-user mmWave communication networks. Both a generalized (unstructured) beamformer (GB) and a structured zero-forcing beamformer (ZFB) are proposed. For maintaining fairness among all users in the network, specifically tailored objective functions are considered under sumpower constraints, namely that of maximizing the geometric mean (GM) of users' rate and their max-min rate. These computationally challenging beamforming design problems are tackled by developing computationally efficient steep ascent algorithms, which have the radical benefit of relying on a closed-form solution at each iteration. Moreover, to facilitate the employment of low-cost amplifiers at each antenna, the GB design problem subject to the equal-gain transmission constraint is considered, which assigns equal transmit power to each transmit antenna. The proposed algorithms promise a user-rate distribution having a reduced deviation among the user-rates, i.e., improved rate-fairness. Our extensive simulation results show an approximately upto 45% reduction for the GM-rate of a 2-bit ADC (4-bin quantization) compared to the ∞-resolution ADC.

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“…. , N u , defined in (11). Let V (κ) be a feasible point for ( 14) that is found from the (κ − 1)-st iteration.…”

Section: B Sum Power Constrained Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finite-Resolution Digital Beamforming for Multi-User Millimeter-Wave Networks

Nasir

Tuan

Dutkiewicz

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.

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“…In Fig. 10, we have evaluated performance comparison under different architectures, i.e., fullconnection [20]- [22], partial-connection [17], [44], [45] and proposed LDPC-based architecture considering different numbers of RF/antenna elements per group and QoS requirements. As explained previously, it requires more power to satisfy higher QoS demands, especially under fully-connected architecture with excessive power consumption up to about 35 W. As for partial connection, it results in around 3 to 5 W more power utilization compared to the proposed LDPC-based architecture since the controllers with partial connection cannot acquire certain message passed from some nodes leading to worse solutions.…”

Section: Benchmarkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The operating power amplifiers and transmit power are considered in [20], [21] but without considerations of RF/antenna effects which are taken into account in [22], [23]. However, they all focus on fully-connected HBF optimizing EE which requires high complexity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MARS: Message Passing for Antenna and RF Chain Selection for Hybrid Beamforming in MIMO Communication Systems

Shen¹,

Lo²,

Feng³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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In this paper, we consider a prospective receiving hybrid beamforming structure consisting of several radio frequency (RF) chains and abundant antenna elements in multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems. Due to conventional costly full connections, we design an enhanced partially-connected beamformer employing low-density parity-check (LDPC) based structure. As a benefit of LDPC-based structure, information can be exchanged among clustered RF/antenna groups, which results in a low com-Hybrid beamforming, MIMO, LDPC-based connection, antenna selection, RF chain selection, message passing, power consumption, energy efficiency.

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“…Note that the difficulties of solving problem (5) are the binary optimization variable and non-convex objective function. To obtain a tractable form of problem (5), constraints (4a) and (4b) are equivalently reformulated as follows [11]…”

Section: B Problem Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…studied the design of hybrid precoder for the downlink cache-enabled mmWave communication networks [4]. L. Zhao et al investigated an energy efficient hybrid beamforming architecture with low-resolution A/Ds equipped at both the transmitter and the receiver for multi-user mmWave communication [5]. In additional, the directional transmission of mmWave communication helps to solve the serious interference problem and improves the system throughput of wireless networks [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GBLinks: GNN-Based Beam Selection and Link Activation for Ultra-dense D2D mmWave Networks

He¹,

S.²,

Zhang³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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In this paper, we consider the problem of joint beam selection and link activation across a set of communication pairs to effectively control the interference between communication pairs via inactivating part communication pairs in ultra-dense device-to-device (D2D) mmWave communication networks. The resulting optimization problem is formulated as an integer programming problem that is nonconvex and NP-hard problem. Consequently, the global optimal solution, even the local optimal solution, cannot be generally obtained. To overcome this challenge, this paper resorts to design a deep learning architecture based on graph neural network to finish the joint beam selection and link activation, with taking the network topology information into account. Meanwhile, we present an unsupervised Lagrangian dual learning framework to train the parameters of GBLinks model. Numerical results show that the proposed GBLinks model can converges to a stable point with the number of iterations increases, in terms of the sum rate. Furthermore, the GBLinks model can reach near-optimal solution through comparing with the exhaustive search scheme in small-scale ultra-dense D2D mmWave communication networks and outperforms GreedyNoSched and the SCA-based method. It also shows that the GBLinks model can generalize to varying scales and densities of ultra-dense D2D mmWave communication networks.

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Energy Efficient Hybrid Beamforming for Multi-User Millimeter Wave Communication With Low-Resolution A/D at Transceivers

Cited by 24 publications

References 67 publications

Finite-Resolution Digital Beamforming for Multi-User Millimeter-Wave Networks

Finite-Resolution Digital Beamforming for Multi-User Millimeter-Wave Networks

MARS: Message Passing for Antenna and RF Chain Selection for Hybrid Beamforming in MIMO Communication Systems

GBLinks: GNN-Based Beam Selection and Link Activation for Ultra-dense D2D mmWave Networks

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