Energy efficient file transfer over rate adaptive optical networks

Energy efficiency of optical grooming of QAM optical transmission channels

“…The typical values for the power consumption of a ROADM per connection is in the range from 400mW to 900mW [7]. Like ROADMs, an EDFA is shared by multiple lightpaths so the power consumption of an EDFA for a single wavelength is given by…”

“…, where λ is the average traffic demand request rate and x is the mean transaction or file size in bits [7]. The process of data arrivals is defined as a Poisson process where λ denotes the average rate of requests per second [7] and is assumed to be equal to 0.25/s.…”

“…, where λ is the average traffic demand request rate and x is the mean transaction or file size in bits [7]. The process of data arrivals is defined as a Poisson process where λ denotes the average rate of requests per second [7] and is assumed to be equal to 0.25/s. In this analysis, the average file size follows a certain statistical distribution ( ) f x in which the first-order statistics x are used [7].…”

“…Several new and potentially energy efficient optical device technologies were recently investigated [3][4][5] to address this challenge. In addition to device improvements, considerable attention has focused on network architectures that enable more efficient overall operation and bandwidth utilization [7][8][9]. Simple or few operation optical processing, which recent studies have shown may be more efficient than electronic techniques at very high data rates [10], may have further advantages when considered in an overall optical networking context.…”

Protocol enhancements for “greening” optical networks

“…The main drawback of this strategy is the impact on the robustness of the network against link failures (lower node connectivity), as well as the possibility of switching off links only when no lightpath traverses them, which means the strategy is only feasible under low traffic periods; it also requires dynamic lightpath reconfiguration capabilities in order to achieve appreciable benefits in most cases. [22] investigates the energy benefits of file transfers over rate‐adaptive optical networks. The authors show analytically and by numerical simulations that the combination of rate‐adaptation and the possibility of tuning the power of optoelectronic devices can reduce the per‐bit energy by as much as 90 percent.…”