Energy-efficient dyeing of wool fabrics with sulfonic acid derivatives of aniline by oxidation polymerization

Colour and surface functional properties of wool fabrics coated with gallnut, feijoa skin, and mango seed kernel tannin-stabilised Ag nanoparticles

“…The measurements of colour strength of wool fabrics treated with Ag NPs were carried out by a published method. 43 The reflectance values at the wavelength of maximum absorption of the treated samples were measured using a Datacolor spectrophotometer (Model: DC 550, Datacolor International, Switzerland), and the measurements were carried out under illuminant D65 using a 10° standard observer with UV component excluded and specular included. The colour fastness to washing of the Ag NP-coated fabrics was measured according to ISO Test Method 105-C03 1987: textiles – tests for colourfastness – Part C03: colourfastness to washing: test 3 by washing in a Gyro wash (Model 415/8) using a phosphate-free standard detergent.…”

“…The isoelectric point of the wool bre surface in an aqueous solution is at pH 4.5, i.e., below, and above pH 4.5, the wool bre surface is cationic and anionic respectively. 43 The cationic charge intensity of the wool bre surface increases with a decrease in pH. The optimum pH for the conversion of AgNO 3 to Ag NP is also pH 4.…”

Selective Modifications of Sheep Wool Usable in Non-Textile Applications

“…The process of dyeing wool with acid dyes usually takes place under boiling. The possibility of reducing the related energy costs was investigated by Hassan [26] using an inverse approach focused not on wool modification but on dye treatment. Derivatives of three aniline sulfonic acids in the role of a dye were subjected to oxidative polymerization using potassium peroxydisulfate.…”

Synthesis of Poly(azomethine) Containing Sulfonic Acid Unit Oxygen and Sulphur Bridged: Investigation of Its Thermal, Optical and Electrochemical Properties

“…In fact, it has been reported that a fluorenebased poly(azomethine) acquires photoluminescence and electroluminescence properties when only sulfonated polystyrene is added to the compound and its protonation is increased [17]. In addition, sulfonic acid groups are also used in active catalyst systems, dyes, detergents and surfactants [18][19][20][21].…”