Energy Efficient Direction-Based PDORP Routing Protocol for WSN

Abstract

Energy consumption is one of the constraints in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). The routing protocols are the hot areas to address quality-of-service (QoS) related issues viz. Energy consumption, network lifetime, network scalability and packet overhead. The key issue in WSN is that these networks suffer from the packet overhead, which is the root cause of more energy consumption and degrade the QoS in sensor networks. In WSN, there are several routing protocols which are used to enhance the performance of the network. Out of those protocols, Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) protocol is more suitable in terms of small energy density, but sometimes when the mode of a node changes from active to sleep, the efficiency decreases as the data packets needs to wait at the initial point where the packet has been sent and this increases the waiting time and end to end delay of the packets which leads to increase in energy consumption. Our problem is to identify the dead nodes and to choose another suitable path so that the data transmission becomes smoother and less energy gets conserved. In order to resolve these issues, we propose directional transmission based energy aware routing protocol named as PDORP. The proposed protocol PDORP has the characteristics of both Power Efficient Gathering Sensor Information System (PEGASIS) and DSR routing protocols.In addition, hybridization of Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Bacterial Foraging Optimization (BFO) is applied to proposed routing protocol to identify energy efficient optimal paths. The performance analysis, comparison through a hybridization approach of the proposed routing protocol gives better result comprising less bit error rate, less delay, less energy consumption and better throughput which leads to better QoS and prolong the lifetime of the network. Moreover, the Computation Model is adopted to evaluate and compare the performance of the both routing protocols using soft computing techniques.

Efficient Clustering Protocol Using Fuzzy K-means and Midpoint Algorithm for Lifetime Improvement in WSNs

“…The network lifetime is one of the significant factors in WSN due to limited power energy of sensors. The Performance estimation of the proposed approach attains higher throughput, network lifetime and connectivity as well as reduced energy consumption and delay as compared to the existing protocol such as EECPK-means [11] and PDORP [30] respectively. Therefore, the proposed approach enhances cluster formation and minimizes energy consumption.…”

“…The proposed EEMRCP with FKM-CMA algorithm was compared with existing protocol such as EECPK-means [11] and PDORP [30]. The simulation results were stated in Tables 1 and 2.…”

LR3: Link Reliable Reactive Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

“…A routing algorithm based on genetic and bacterial foraging optimization technique determines reliable and efficient optimal routing paths in [19]. For data accumulation and aggregation of data in WSNs, there are a couple of cluster based routing protocols proposed in recent years which achieve reliable and timely transmission of data.…”

Energy Efficient Routing Protocol Based on DSR

“…G. Singh Brar et. al [14] proposed energy efficient routing protocol based on direction based PDORP with respect to wireless sensor network. It is considered that the DSR routing protocol is more efficient when it comes to density of energy in small scale, But at certain instance of time the efficiency decreases when the node changes to sleep mode from active mode.…”