“…Sensors in public space WSNs are regularly subjected to harsh or hostile environmental conditions, such as high temperature, humidity, pressure, dust, rain, snow, and other elements that affect WSN performance, necessitating the use of robust and resilient sensor nodes. Limited resources, limited communication capability, stability, fault tolerance, bandwidth, mobility, result precision, availability, trust, accountability, heterogeneity, integration, uncontrollable environment, technology, and denial of service attacks are some of the other issues and future challenges for WSNs (DoS) [21][22][23][24][25][26].…”