Energy Efficient Building Materials with Vermiculite Filler

Abstract

The possibility of obtaining the vermiculite fire treatment at low temperature (burnt vermiculite) is considered in the article. The vermiculite structure features are investigated to reduce the subsequent burn temperature. By X-ray diffraction analysis it is established that the pre-treatment by a salt solution causes a change in the elementary cell of the vermiculite crystalline grid. It allows to receive the extended vermiculite under the lower burn temperature than in case of the ordinary non-treated vermiculite. To show the creation possibility of the building materials with burnt vermiculite the concrete unit weight and strength with gypsum and cement binder are studied. It is determined that the mentioned concrete strength is higher compared to concrete with ordinary vermiculite at the same density of these concretes. The thermal insulation properties are also significantly higher. The light concrete with vermiculite aggregate is used as the thermal-shield enclosing structures in building and structure constructions. The decrease of the vermiculite burn temperature will contribute to reducing the energy intensity of construction as a whole.

Development of building materials based on a high content of fly ash and polycondensation products from Chinese heat and power plants

“…The addition of acetone-formaldehyde resins more significantly increases (by 23-28 mm) the spread rate of the ash-cement mixture, and the workability remains almost at the level of the ref-erence mixture even after 210 min from the start of preparation. The plasticizing air-absorbing effect of acetone-formaldehyde resin is even more evident in the workability of the heated mortar mix [26]. For example, the workability of the reference mixture lasts only 30 min.…”

“…Simultaneously with the mixing of the components, multiple complex physical and chemical processes rapidly develop. The increased hydrophilicity of aluminate minerals, gluing clinker components of cement such as two-calcium and tricalcium silicate, ensures the active penetration of water into microcracks of cement grains [26]. The resulting hydration causes the chemical dispersion of grains of polymineral cement.…”

“…The first results from the curing of a mixture of a binder with mineral and other modifying additives. The second is a cured mixture of microstructures and coarse aggregate of the appropriate density [26].…”

Technology for improving modern polymer composite materials

“…Mineral additives are divided by constituent substances, chemical composition, and various activators. These minerals are as follows: asbestos, slag, cement, lime, limestone, phosphoruscontaining, sulfur-containing, polyisobutylene, butadiene-styrene, and low-molecular weight organic amine, amide, amidoamine, imidazoline, and polymeric [14,15].…”

Technological aspects of the preparation of polymer composites of building materials and coatings

“…At the same time, the properties of modifier components, the composition of no-slump concrete mixtures, technological factors, operating and climatic conditions are assumed to be interconnected. 2,3,9…”