Energy-Efficient and Disjoint Multipath Using Face Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

In WSNs, multipath is well-known as a method to improve the reliability of packet delivery by making multiple routes from a source node to a destination node. To improve reliability and load-balancing, it is important to ensure that disjoint characteristics of multipath do not use same nodes during path generation. However, when multipath studies encounter a hole area from which is hard to transmit data packets, they have a problem with breaking the disjoint features of multipath. Although existing studies propose various strategies to bypass hole areas, they have side effects that significantly accelerate energy consumption and packet transmission delay. Therefore, to retain the disjoint feature of multipath, we propose a new scheme that can reduce delay and energy consumption for a node near a hole area using two approaches—global joint avoidance and local avoidance. This scheme uses global joint avoidance to generate a new path centered on a hole area and effectively bypasses the hole area. This scheme also uses local joint avoidance that does not select the same nodes during new path generation using a marking process. In simulations, the proposed scheme has an average 30% improvement in terms of average energy consumption and delay time compared to other studies.

A Metaheuristic Approach Towards Enhancement of Network Lifetime in Wireless Sensor Networks

“…In this method, the shares or the information packets are distributed throughout multiple paths formulated by the routing methodology and collected at the sink thus ensuring a non-sequential and cryptic form of communication across the system. A cluster-based methodology [27] has been proposed in the literature which is based on location and multi-hop information to select the cluster head which effectively broadcasts the information to other cluster heads and subsequently to the sink. A balanced and prolonged network lifetime are the findings of this research work.…”