Energy Efficiency, Sources and Sustainability

Prasad, B. G. Shiva

doi:10.1115/1.4001684

Cited by 24 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Plant I has been found to be more profitable compared with Plant II and Plant III. It is not clear whether this is because of the larger size and continuous production [23]. The selectivity of FAME over glycerin was obtained from model solutions by method of Laplace Transforms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of Biodiesel Product Yield during Simple Consecutive-Competitive Reactions

Sharma¹

2015

JEAS

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Biodiesel is a renewable fuel that can be made from vegetable oil and waste restaurant greases by catalysed transesterification reactions. Over 5 billion gallons of biodiesel was produced in 2010. The European Union and United States are seeing the sigmoidal portion of the growth curve in biodiesel production. Economic analysis such as profitability and annualized worth (AW) of a biodiesel plant in Taiwan is presented. With the revenue from glycerine byproduct recovery and with lower raw material costs, biodiesel may be profitable especially during days of higher gasoline prices. Multiple reactions of the consecutive-competive type may be used to model the methonolysis of trigylcerides. The reaction rate constant ratios and residence time in the reactor are important parameters in determining higher selectivity of FAME, fatty acid methyl ester product yield over glycerol by-product production. Illustrations of higher FAME yield, higher glycerol yield and cross-over from FAME to glycerol are shown for some values of reaction rate constant ratios and reaction scheme from triglycerides to diglycerides, monoglycerides and glycerol along with formation of FAME in each step by addition of methanol and catalyst is shown. Product distribution curves are presented in Figures 2-5 for different values or reaction rate constant ratios.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of Biodiesel Product Yield during Simple Consecutive-Competitive Reactions

Sharma¹

2015

JEAS

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“…Climate change is indisputable; and the transition to sustainable energy systems is indispensable to mitigate global warming [1]. This transition is one of the main challenges facing the energy sector and is expressed very well by the energy trilemma of balancing the three dimensions of energy sustainability: energy security, energy equity (accessibility and affordability of energy), and environmental sustainability of energy systems [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

State of the art of windthermal turbines: A systematic scoping review of direct wind-to-heat conversion technologies

Neumeier

Cöster

Pais

et al. 2021

Journal of Energy Resources Technology

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Windthermal turbines convert wind directly into thermal energy. Albeit it is an uncharted field of research, the overall system efficiency and costs of fully developed windthermal turbines are promising; since they can contribute to a sustainable energy transition. We identify the current state of the art of windthermal conversion principles, technology maturity, applications, substitutes, advantages and disadvantages. To scope relevant literature, we follow the Joanna Briggs Institutes selection and screening process resulting in 61 relevant publications from which we identified three main conversion types, namely compression-, friction-, and induction-based windthermal devices. These devices can directly supply thermal energy for space heating or industrial processes, work as a component of wind-powered thermal energy systems, short WTES, or can substitute any conventional or renewable heat device. Although heat is the lowest form of energy, windthermal applications could provide cheap renewable energy that can be stored easily enhancing security of supply. However, these technologies are currently on laboratory-scale, and we suggest scaling up the existing prototypes to engineering-scale. Finally, due to a missing general terminology, we propose to establish one of the terms windthermal energy, ventothermal energy or anemothermal energy to distinguish these specific wind energy conversion technologies.

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“…Therefore, designing the low-cost machines with higher efficiencies is a hot topic for researchers and engineers [1][2][3]. Offgrid renewable energies such as solar energy, wind power energy, hydroenergy, and biomass energy are the main alternative to overcome the mentioned problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization, Numerical, and Experimental Study of a Propeller Pump as Turbine

Derakhshan

Kasaeian

2014

Journal of Energy Resources Technology

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Optimization, Numerical, and Experimental Study of a Propeller Pump as TurbineMicro hydropower station is one of the clean choices for offgrid points with available hydropotential. The challenging in this type of energy production is the high capital cost of the installed capacity that is worse for low-head micro hydropower stations. Turbine price is the main problem for this type of energy production. In this research, a simple machine has been introduced instead of conventional propeller turbines. The key is using an axial pump as a propeller turbine. In the present research, a propeller pump was simulated as a turbine by numerical methods. Computational fluid dynamics (CED) was adopted in the direct and reverse modes performance prediction of a single propeller pump. To give a more accurate CED result, all domains within the machine control volume were modeled and hexahedral structured mesh was generated during CED simulation. Complete peiformance curves of its pump and turbine modes were acquired. Eor verification of the numerical results, the machine has been tested in an established test ring. The results showed that a propeller pump could be easily run as a low-head turbine. In the next, the goal was to optimize the geometry of the blades of axial turbine runner which leads to maximum hydraulic efficiency by changing the design parameters of camber line in five sections of a blade. The efficiency of the initial geometry was improved by various objective functions and optimized geometry was obtained by genetic algorithm and artificial neural network to find the best efficiency of the turbine. The results showed that the efficiency is improved by more than 14%. Indeed the geometry has better performance in cavitation.

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Energy Efficiency, Sources and Sustainability

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Improvement of Biodiesel Product Yield during Simple Consecutive-Competitive Reactions

Improvement of Biodiesel Product Yield during Simple Consecutive-Competitive Reactions

State of the art of windthermal turbines: A systematic scoping review of direct wind-to-heat conversion technologies

Optimization, Numerical, and Experimental Study of a Propeller Pump as Turbine

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