Energy Efficiency Optimizations of Massive MIMO Systems with Linear Receivers

Xue, Gang; Li, Lihua; Lu, Guangyan; Tian, Hui; Du, Liutong

doi:10.1109/vtcspring.2017.8108321

Cited by 1 publication

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…For the receivers of the BSs in massive MIMO systems, the total power consumption is generally determined by three mechanisms: symbol detection, resolutions of ADCs, and other circuits of each receive antenna. For M active receive antennas, the total power consumption can be expressed as [16]…”

Section: B Receiver With Multi-level-mixed-adcmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the large number of antennas deployed in massive MIMO systems also cause a significant increase in power consumption, hardware cost, and system complexity [14], [15]. Especially for green communications, power consumption is one of the most important concerns [15], [16]. Therefore, numerous studies have been motivated for power saving in massive MIMO systems [16]- [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Especially for green communications, power consumption is one of the most important concerns [15], [16]. Therefore, numerous studies have been motivated for power saving in massive MIMO systems [16]- [19]. The power consumed at the receivers of massive MIMOs mainly arises from the radio-frequency (RF) chains and baseband signal processing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…i r i + P c × M ,(6)where 2 M K in(6) is the computational complexity required for conducting MRC[16]. Similarly, we can also observe from(6) that P ( M ) T is determined by the number of active 19642 VOLUME 9, 2021…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Green Receivers for Massive MIMO Systems: A Joint Approach of Antenna Turn-Off and Multi-Level-Mixed-ADC Resolution Design

Jiang

Zhang

2021

IEEE Access

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In this paper, two green receivers with antenna turn-off and multi-level-mixed-ADC resolution design are proposed for massive MIMO systems, such as 5G networks and Internet of Things (IOT). For practicality, a generic power consumption model for massive MIMO receivers, including ADC resolution, symbol detection, and receiver circuits, is considered. The two proposed green receivers are formulated to minimize power consumption with respect to their individual spectral efficiency (SE) constraints, which are aimed at obtaining the optimal solution of the number of active receive antennas and corresponding multilevel-mixed-ADC resolutions. First, the proposed schemes enable the number of active receive antennas to be equal to the number of receive antennas. Second, a variant of the decremental searching and dynamic programming (DSDP) method is conducted to obtain the correspondingly optimal candidate of the multilevel-mixed-ADC resolution. Third, decrease the number of active receive antennas by 1 and then conduct the variant of DSDP again to search the correspondingly optimal resolution candidate of multi-level mixed ADCs. Fourth, repeat these mechanisms to obtain all optimal multi-level-mixed-ADC resolution candidates for different numbers of active receive antennas. Last, the number of active receive antennas and the corresponding multi-level-mixed-ADC resolution candidate, which achieve the minimum power consumption, are chosen as the optimal solution. In addition, a novel mechanism for accelerating the work of searching the number of turn-off antennas has been designed in the proposed receivers. The simulation results show that compared to DSDP, the two proposed green receivers can provide the advantage of the adjustable flexibility of power consumption with different SE requirements.INDEX TERMS Analog-to-digital, maximum ratio combining, massive MIMO.

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Section: B Receiver With Multi-level-mixed-adcmentioning

confidence: 99%