Energy efficiency of winter wheat in a long-term tillage experiment under Pannonian climate conditions

Moitzi, Gerhard; Neugschwandtner, Reinhard W.; Kaul, Hans‐Peter; Wagentristl, Helmut

doi:10.1016/j.eja.2018.11.002

Cited by 35 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Under Pannonian climate conditions on a Chernozem in Eastern Austria, winter wheat yields were generally at similar levels for conventional, conservation and no-till with no-till resulting in higher yields in very dry years and conventional and conservation tillage resulting in higher yields with higher amounts of rainfall during the vegetation period (Neugschwandtner et al, 2015a). Moitzi et al (2019) reported for this experiment, that the direct energy input in no-till and shallow conservation tillage during crop cultivation was considerably lower than in mouldboard ploughing.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Basic soil chemical properties after 15 years in a long-term tillage and crop rotation experiment

Neugschwandtner¹,

Száková²,

Pachtrog³

et al. 2020

Int. Agrophys.

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Basic soil chemical properties were assessed in a long-term tillage and crop rotation experiment 15 years after its establishment on a Chernozem in Raasdorf (Austria) with four tillage treatments-mouldboard ploughing, no-till, deep conservation tillage and shallow conservation tillage-and two crop rotations. The following parameters were assessed: pH CaCl 2 , pH H 2 O , electrical conductivity, cation exchange capacity, total nitrogen, total organic carbon and total carbon. Among which, pH CaCl 2 , pH H 2 O , and total carbon increased with soil depth while electrical conductivity, cation exchange capacity, total nitrogen, and total organic carbon decreased with soil depth. The differences between tillage treatments occurred after 15 years in the upper soil layer from 0-5 cm with higher values of electrical conductivity under no-till, deep conservation tillage and shallow conservation tillage than with mouldboard ploughing, higher values of cation exchange capacity and total nitrogen for no-till than for mouldboard ploughing (with deep conservation tillage and shallow conservation tillage showing intermediate values) and more total organic carbon for no-till and deep conservation tillage than for mouldboard ploughing. At a 5-10 cm depth, electrical conductivity was higher for no-till than for mouldboard ploughing. Values of pH CaCl 2 and pH H 2 O did not differ between tillage treatments in any soil layer. In deeper soil layers, tillage did not affect the analysed parameters. Crop rotation did not affect any of the analysed soil chemical properties. K e y w o r d s: tillage, soil depth, long-term experiment, soil properties, no-till

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Basic soil chemical properties after 15 years in a long-term tillage and crop rotation experiment

Neugschwandtner¹,

Száková²,

Pachtrog³

et al. 2020

Int. Agrophys.

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“…N surplus kg ha −1 = N FERT − NY GRAIN (6) N balance kg ha −1 = N FERT − NY AGB (7) The apparent net N mineralization (ANM) of the control was calculated as the difference between N recovered at harvest (sum of NY AGB and NO 3 -N END ) and N supplied (NO 3 -N START ) using Equation (8) according to Cui et al [29] and Hartmann et al [28]:…”

Section: Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nitrogen fertilization is increasing grain yield (GY) and grain quality (protein concentration) of wheat [6]. But, fertilizer production energy is also the highest portion of the energy input in arable farming, even ahead of soil tillage [7]. The amount of fertilizer and the fertilizing strategy are influencing the energy efficiency, as shown for maize [8] and wheat [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficiency of Mineral Nitrogen Fertilization in Winter Wheat under Pannonian Climate Conditions

et al. 2020

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Improvements in nitrogen (N) use efficiency in crop production are important for addressing the triple challenges of food security, environmental degradation and climate change. The three fertilizers, calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN), urea (Urea) and stabilized urea (Ureastab), were applied at a rate of 160 kg N ha−1 with two or three splits to winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the Pannonian climate region of eastern Austria. On average, over all fertilization treatments, the grain yield (GY) increased by about a quarter and the grain N concentration (GNC) doubled compared to the control without fertilization. Consequently, the grain N yield (NYGRAIN) was increased with N fertilization by 154%. The GY increased due to a higher grain density with no differences between N fertilizers but with a tendency of a higher grain yield with three compared to two splits. Three splits also slightly increased the GNC and consequently the NYGRAIN of CAN and Ureastab in one year. The removal of N fertilizer with the NYGRAIN (N surplus) was higher than the amount of applied fertilizer. Fertilization decreased the N use efficiency (NUE), the N uptake efficiency (NUpE) and the N utilization efficiency (NUtE) but increased the soil mineral nitrate (NO3-N) at harvest and the apparent N loss (ANL). Three compared to two applications resulted in a higher NO3-N at harvest but also a lower N surplus due to partly higher NYGRAIN. Consequently, the ANL was lower with three compared to two splits. Also, the NUpE and the apparent N recovery efficiency (ANRE) were higher with three splits. The best N treatment regarding highest above-ground biomass yield with lowest N surplus, N balance and ANL was the three-split treatment (50 CAN, 50 CAN, 60 liquid urea ammonium nitrate). Three splits can, under semi-arid conditions, be beneficial when aiming high-quality wheat for bread-making and also for reducing the N loss. Whereas, two splits are recommended when aiming only at high GY, e.g., for ethanol-wheat production.

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“…Die Verfügbarkeit mineralischer N-Dünger trägt bedeutend zur Steigerung der pflanzenbaulichen Erträge bei. Zahlreiche Untersuchungen (Hülsbergen et al, 2001;Hoeppner et al, 2005;Moitzi et al, 2015;Lin et al, 2017, Moitzi et al, 2019 zeigen, dass unter konventionellen Produktionsbedingungen beim indirekten Energieeinsatz der mineralische N-Dünger den größten Anteil am fossilen Energieeinsatz hat. Mit zunehmender mineralischer N-Düngung nimmt die Energieeffizienz in der Weizenproduktion ab (Uhr und Vasileva, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Energieeinsatz und Energieeffizienz von Winterweizen bei unterschiedlicher mineralischer Stickstoffdüngung im Marchfeld

Moitzi¹,

Spiegel

Sandén

et al. 2020

Die Bodenkultur: Journal of Land Management, Food and Environment

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ZusammenfassungDie Korn- und Stroherträge, der Energie-Input (Kraftstoff, Mineraldünger, Pflanzenschutzmittel, Maschinen) und die Kennzahlen zur Energieeffizienz (Energie-Output, Netto-Energie-Output, Energieintensität, Energienutzungseffizienz) in Abhängigkeit der mineralischen Stickstoffdüngermenge (0 kg, 60 kg, 120 kg und 180 kg N ha−1) und der Düngerstrategie (unterschiedliche Mineraldüngerformen und Gabenteilungen) wurden auf zwei Standorten im Marchfeld (Engelhartstetten und Groß-Enzersdorf) auf Basis von zwei zweijährigen Feldversuchen analysiert. Dabei sollte die Frage beantwortet werden, welche mineralische N-Düngung (N-Form, N-Menge und Splittung der N-Menge) die höchste Energieeffizienz aufweist. Mit zunehmender mineralischer N-Menge (60 kg, 120 kg bzw. 180 kg N ha−1) nahm der energetische Anteil des Mineraldüngers am Gesamtenergie-Input um 24 %, 38 % bzw. 48 % zu. Durch das Gesetz des abnehmenden Ertragszuwachses wurde in Engelhartstetten bei einer N-Düngermenge von 180 kg N ha−1 eine signifikant verringerte Energieeffizienz im Vergleich zu 60 kg N ha−1 und 120 kg N ha−1 festgestellt. Eine Aufteilung der N-Düngermenge auf drei Gaben erhöhte den Kraftstoffverbrauch um 4 % gegenüber einer einmaligen Applikation der gesamten Düngermenge. Die Kennzahlen der Energieeffizienz wurden durch die Gabenteilung kaum beeinflusst. Die N-Düngung mit Kalkammonsalpeter war energieeffizienter als die Harnstoffdüngung (rein, stabilisiert, eingearbeitet). Die Energieeffizienzanalyse kann somit einen wertvollen Beitrag leisten, um pflanzenbauliche Maßnahmen hinsichtlich ihren Umweltauswirkungen zu bewerten.

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Energy efficiency of winter wheat in a long-term tillage experiment under Pannonian climate conditions

Cited by 35 publications

References 20 publications

Basic soil chemical properties after 15 years in a long-term tillage and crop rotation experiment

Basic soil chemical properties after 15 years in a long-term tillage and crop rotation experiment

Efficiency of Mineral Nitrogen Fertilization in Winter Wheat under Pannonian Climate Conditions

Energieeinsatz und Energieeffizienz von Winterweizen bei unterschiedlicher mineralischer Stickstoffdüngung im Marchfeld

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