Energy Efficiency Architecture Design for Heterogeneous Cellular Networks

Abstract

Heterogeneous cellular networks (HetNets) have emerged as a new promising paradigm to further enhance capacity, where multiple types of low power smallcells are overlaid in a high power macrocell. They provide more opportunities to explore the potential cognition and cooperation diversities to improve the spectral efficiency. On the other hand, energy efficiency is a critical performance metric, which deserves more attention from academia, industry, and standardization, in particular, in scenarios where smallcells are densely deployed. In this paper, a systematic architecture is presented to efficiently utilize network resources and thus improve the overall energy efficiency. The architecture is referred to as OCRT because it combines a multi-tier energy efficiency considerations of operators, core networks, radio access networks and terminals (e.g., OCRT). Furthermore, a corresponding triply-cycle-based functional structure is proposed for the OCRT to make various interactions between the corresponding functional entities clear. An implementation scheme of OCRT based on cognitive information interaction cycle and an energy efficiency-aware protocol is presented. Finally, a use case of the presented OCRT green design is provided for energy efficiency optimization in a cognition-and-cooperation-characterized HetNet.Energy efficiency architecture design in hetnets Meanwhile, network robustness, flexibility, and greenness are promisingly becoming the research focus of the wireless community. The terminals have capabilities of more intelligence and multi-homing with higher QoS requirements, which are largely determined by the promising cognitive radio and cooperative communication networking.Therefore, regardless of the financial or the environmental considerations or better QoS provisioning, reducing the amount of energy consumption has become an important way to increase the profits of both operators and users in mobile communications industry. Also, in order not to follow the one-sided pursuit of spectral efficiency, the next generation of communications should meanwhile care about the energy efficiency. Energy efficient design/networking means monetary benefit for the operators and much better QoS for prolonging the battery life of user terminals by deploying new network architectures with low signaling overhead. The extensive research concentrated on green communications include several valuable surveys [3,4] for future Internet, [5] for wireless communication networks, and [6] for wireless cellular networks. Meanwhile, the energy efficiencies of different media access control behaviors in 802.11n were analyzed and compared in [7]. Several energy efficiency architecture, protocol, and algorithm are summarized in these works.However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no work to investigate the energy efficiency-related issues in one unified optimization architecture with multi-tier considerations, for instance, operators, core networks, radio access networks and terminals (e.g., OCRT). Towards 5G communicati...

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