Energy-Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Analysis as a Rapid Method for Identifying Tephras

Cormie, A.B.; Nelson, D. E.

doi:10.1016/0033-5894(83)90005-4

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…Distinct deposits of tephra, the lower approximately 5 mm thick [Traduit par la revue] (located in the midsection of the cores) and the upper 2 -3 rnm thick (approximately a third of the way down the cores), were observed. Through elemental analysis, following the procedure of Cormie and Nelson (1983), these were identified as Mazama (6800 years old) and Bridge River (2400 years old) tephra, respectively.…”

Section: Methods and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New radiocarbon dates for early deglaciation from the southeastern Coast Mountains of British Columbia

Souch¹

1989

Can. J. Earth Sci.

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Basal dates obtained on organic material from postglacial lacustrine sediments from four lakes in the Kwoiek Creek watershed, southern Coast Mountains of British Columbia, provide minimum dates of deglaciation. The dates obtained (12 255 + 770, 11 485 f 185, 10 385 + 595, and 9640 + 380 BP), at elevations 835 -1120 m, suggest that extensive areas of the mountains of southern British Columbia were ice free prior to 11 500 years ago. This has implications for models of the regional deglaciation of the southern portion of the province.Les datations fondamentales obtenues sur la matiere organique de skdiments lacustres postglaciaires, provenant de quatre lacs dans le bassin versant du ruisseau Kwoiek, dans le sud de la chaine Coast de la Colombie-Britannique, fournissent des Lges minima de deglaciation. Les Lges obtenus (12 255 f 770, 11 485 + 185, 10 385 + 595 et 9640 f 380 BP), 9 des altitudes allant de 835 i 1120 m, suggkrent qu'antkrieurement il y a 11 500 am de grandes aires des montagnes du sud de la Colombie-Britannique furent protkgkes des glaces. Tout modele de dkglaciation regionale de la partie sud de la province doit en tenir compte.

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Section: Methods and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New radiocarbon dates for early deglaciation from the southeastern Coast Mountains of British Columbia

Souch¹

1989

Can. J. Earth Sci.

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“…2). The only pretreatment necessary was sieving of the whole ash to produce a subsample in the <62 p,m size range, providing a simple and rapid means of elemental analysis (refer to Cormie (198 I),Cormie et al (198 I), and Cormie and Nelson (1983) for further details of the technique).…”

Section: Xes Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the microprobe has the disadvantage of requiring several tedious and timeconsuming sample-preparation procedures and is capable of analyzing only the major elements, even though the most prominent dissimilarities in tephra composition often occur in the trace-element range (Cormie and Nelson 1983).…”

Section: Xes Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mazama tephra marker bed in the Fraser Lowland, British Columbia

Williams¹,

D’Auria²

1991

Can. J. Earth Sci.

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Drill cores from the Fraser River delta and western Fraser River floodplain, British Columbia, reveal a widespread tephra marker bed within silty floodplain deposits. Isolated tephra layers have been noted in previous studies in the Fraser Lowland and have been assumed to be Mazama tephra (ca. 6800 BP). This note presents the results of the first attempt to systematically identify a number of tephra samples from this area, based on X-ray energy spectroscopic analysis of their chemical compositions and bracketing radiocarbon ages. The results confirm that the tephra bed is Mazama, a finding of considerable utility to future studies in this area.

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“…Because of the~'e concerns, the use of the electron microprobe has been favored to obtain chemical data from the various ash fractions commonly analyzed. However, Cormie and Nelson (1983) used energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence on glass separates to obtain trace-element data that allowed them to distinguish between the Mazama, Bridge River, and Mount St. Helens Yn ashes. Results from this study indicate that most major-element values on glass separates determined by wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence for the Mazama, Glacier Peak Band G, and Mount St. Helens Jy ashes are comparable to values of other investigators using electron microprobes.…”

Section: Appendix a Appendix A Preparation And Analysis Of Ashes By mentioning

confidence: 99%

Late quaternary glacial and vegetative history of the Glacier National Park region, Montana

Carrara¹

1989

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Contents V Glaciers in Glacier National Park during the early to middle Holocene warm period 44 Moraines of the younger group 45 Location and description 45 Age 45 Climatic implications of the younger moraines 45 Glacial fluctuations since the mid-19th century in Glacier National Park 46 Conclusions 49 Deglaciation 49 Revegetation 53 Moraines of the older group 54 Moraines of the younger group 54 Glacial fluctuations since the mid-19th century 55 References cited 55 Appendix A. Preparation and analysis of ashes by X-ray fluorescence 60 Collecting and processing of ash samples 60 Comparison of X-ray fluorescence data with electron-microprobe data 60 Mazama ash 60 Glacier Peak B and G ashes 61 Mount St. Helens J ashes 63 18. Map of Lower St. Mary Lake area 35 19. Stratigraphic section at Chewing Blackbones bog 36 20. Map of Kootenai Lakes area 36 21. Diagram showing stratigraphy of Mount Cleveland bog, holes #1 and #4 38 22. Photograph of Sperry Glacier area showing moraines of both the older and younger groups 41 23. Longitudinal profile of Agassiz Glacier area showing results of tree-ring studies 42 24. Longitudinal profile of Jackson Glacier area showing results of tree-ring studies 43 25. Map of mid-19th century Blackfoot Glacier showing disintegration of this glacier into the present-day Blackfoot and Jackson Glaciers 47 26. Graphs of climatic data, Kalispell, Montana 48 27. Map of former Logan and Red Eagle glacier areas showing moraines of both the older and younger groups, and Mazama ash sites 49 28. Photograph of former Red Eagle glacier area showing moraines of both the older and younger groups 50 29. Photograph of Agassiz Glacier area, showing mid-19th century extent and remnant snowfield 51 30. Map of Sperry Glacier area, showing glacier shrinkage, moraines of the older and younger groups, and Mazama ash sites 52 31. Photograph of Jackson Glacier area showing mid-19th century extent, and remnant glacier 53 TABLES 1. Climatic data from stations in the Glacier National Park region 6 2. Major-element values of glass in the Mazama ash from bogs in the Glacier National Park region 15 3. Major-element values of glass in the Mazama ash from soils in the Glacier National Park region 16 4. Major-element values of glass in the Glacier Peak G ash from bogs and exposures in the Glacier National park region 17 5. Major-element values of glass in the Mount St. Helens Jy ash from the Glacier National park region 18 6. Radiocarbon age determinations from the Glacier National Park region 21 7. Major-element values of glass in the Mazama ash, as reported by various investigators 61 8. Major-element values of glass in the Glacier Peak B ash from the Trinity Mine, Washington, as reported by various investigators 62 9. Major-element values of glass in the Glacier Peak Gash from the Trinity Mine, Washington, as reported by various investigators 62 10. Major-element values of glass in the Glacier Peak G ash from Sun River Canyon, Montana, as reported by various investigators 63 11. Major-element values of glass in the Mount S...

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Energy-Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Analysis as a Rapid Method for Identifying Tephras

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

New radiocarbon dates for early deglaciation from the southeastern Coast Mountains of British Columbia

New radiocarbon dates for early deglaciation from the southeastern Coast Mountains of British Columbia

A Mazama tephra marker bed in the Fraser Lowland, British Columbia

Late quaternary glacial and vegetative history of the Glacier National Park region, Montana

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