Energy-dependent Electrospray Ionisation Mass Spectrometry of Carbonyl Clusters

Crawford, Evan; Dyson, Paul J.; Forest, Orissa; Kwok, Samantha; McIndoe, J. Scott

doi:10.1007/s10876-005-0043-8

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…The corresponding cluster k values of the fragment should be on the increase. Very interesting extensive work on the metal carbonyls that involves stripping off the CO ligands has been done by several research groups (Butcher, et al, 2002(Butcher, et al, , 2003Crawford, et al, 2006;Critchley, et al, 1999;Dyson, et al, 2001;Henderson, et al, 1998Henderson, et al, , 2009 Table 7). Although the series and the skeletal numbers predict that each of the Re skeletal atoms except one should have a hydrogen atom, the structural determination indicates all the hydrogen atoms are bridging (Miessler, et al, 2014) as observed in borane clusters.…”

Section: Limits Of the Carbonyl Cluster Seriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These opposing processes are reflected in Tables 7 and 8. The removal of CO ligands from transition metal carbonyl clusters has been an intense field of research (Critchley, et al, 1999, Douglas, et al, 2001, Butcher, et al, 2002, 2003, Crawford, et al, 2006, Henderson, et al, 2009). The silicon clusters Si n (n=4-10) were theoretically studied (Slee, et al, 1989) (Hughes, et al, 2000).…”

Section: Capping and De-capping Seriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Hypothetical Model for the Formation of Transition Metal Carbonyl Clusters Based upon 4n Series Skeletal Numbers

Kiremire¹

2016

IJC

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Skeletal numbers of elements have been introduced as derivatives of the 4n series method. They are based on the number of valence electrons present in the skeletal element. They are extremely useful in deducing possible shapes of skeletal elements in molecules or clusters especially the small to medium ones. For large skeletal clusters, the skeletal numbers may simply be regarded as identity numbers. In carbonyl clusters, they can be used as a guide to facilitate the distribution of the ligands such as CO, H and charges onto the skeletal atoms. A naked skeletal cluster may be viewed as a reservoir for skeletal linkages which get utilized when ligands or electrons get bound to it. The sum of linkages used up by the ligands bound to a skeletal fragment and the remaining cluster skeletal numbers is equal to the number of the skeletal linkages present in the original "naked parent" skeletal cluster. The skeletal numbers can be used as a quick way of testing whether or not a skeletal atom obeys the 8-or 18-electron rules.

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Section: Limits Of the Carbonyl Cluster Seriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Capping and De-capping Seriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Hypothetical Model for the Formation of Transition Metal Carbonyl Clusters Based upon 4n Series Skeletal Numbers

Kiremire¹

2016

IJC

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“…Ru (Crawford et al, 2006); W (Thompson et al, 2003); Zn (Goicoechea & Sevov, 2006a) [M+L] -, X=halide,…”

Section: R=ch3 Etmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As (Florencio et al, 1997); Cr and Fe (Martinez- Alvarez et al, 2004); Fe (Alley & Henderson, 2001;Tharamani et al, 2008); Ge (Jirásko et al, 2009;Lamb & Sweetman, 1996; Pt (Mastrorilli et al, 2004); Ru (Pelagatti et al, 2005); Sn (Baul et al, 2005a;Baul et al, 2005b;Baul et al, 2005c;Baul et al, 2006a;Baul et al, 2006d;Baul et al, 2007a;Baul et al, 2007b; [M+Na-2H] -Sn (Jirásko et al, 2007) [2M+X] -Fe (Henderson & Alley, 2002); Ru (Pelagatti et al, 2005); Sn (Baul et al, 2006d) [An] 2-Bi (Mlýnek & Dahl, 1997); Os (Dyson et al, 2000); Ru (Crawford et al, 2006) [M] -.…”

Section: Cf3so3 Complex Ligandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural analysis of organometallic compounds with soft ionization mass spectrometry

Jirásko

Holčapek

2010

Mass Spectrometry Reviews

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The analysis of organometallic compounds with mass spectrometry has some special features in comparison with organic and bioorganic compounds. The first step is the choice of a suitable ionization technique, where the electrospray ionization is certainly the best possibility for most classes of organometallic compounds and metal complexes. Some ionization mechanisms of organometallic compounds are comparable to organic molecules, such as protonation/deprotonation, and adduct formation with sodium or potassium ions; however, in many cases, different mechanisms and their combinations complicate the spectra interpretation. Organometallics frequently undergo various types of adduct and polymerization reactions that result in significantly higher masses observed in the spectra in comparison to molecular weights of studied compounds. Metal elements typically have more natural isotopes than common organic elements, which cause characteristic wide distributions of isotopic peaks; for example, tin has ten natural isotopes. The isotopic pattern can be used for the identification of the type and number of metal elements in particular ions. The ionization and fragmentation behavior also depend on the type of metal atom; therefore, our discussion of mass spectra interpretation is divided according to the different type of organometallic compounds. Among various types of mass spectrometers available on the market, trap-based analyzers (linear or spherical ion-traps, Orbitrap) are suitable to study complex fragmentation pathways of organometallic ions and their adducts, whereas high-resolution and high-mass accuracy analyzers (time-of-flight-based analyzers, or Fourier transform-based analyzers-Orbitrap or ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometers) provide accurate masses applicable for the determination of the elemental composition of individual ions.

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“…The complex, FeIr 4 (CO) 15 2¯ ( 1) and Fe 2 Ir 3 (CO) 14¯ ( 2) were found to have a trigonal bipyramid shapes but the former was more elongated in axial positions than the later 13 . The complex 1 has the cluster code M-5-7-76-A and 2 has the code M-5-9-72-C.…”

Section: Using the Cluster Table To Interpret Some Literature Workmentioning

confidence: 96%

Unification and Expansion of Wade-Mingos Rules with Elementary Number Theory

Kiremire¹

2015

Orient. J. Chem

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Energy-dependent Electrospray Ionisation Mass Spectrometry of Carbonyl Clusters

Cited by 14 publications

References 66 publications

A Hypothetical Model for the Formation of Transition Metal Carbonyl Clusters Based upon 4n Series Skeletal Numbers

A Hypothetical Model for the Formation of Transition Metal Carbonyl Clusters Based upon 4n Series Skeletal Numbers

Structural analysis of organometallic compounds with soft ionization mass spectrometry

Unification and Expansion of Wade-Mingos Rules with Elementary Number Theory

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