Energy densification of sugarcane leaves through torrefaction under minimized oxidative atmosphere

Conag, Angelique T.; Villahermosa, Jaye Earl R.; Cabatingan, Luis K.; Go, Alchris Woo

doi:10.1016/j.esd.2017.11.004

Cited by 51 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The VM content decreased from 79.22% to 63.41% across the temperature range, while the FC content increased from 3.23% to 12.01%. These trends are consistent with the compositional analysis results published by other researchers (Rodriguez et al, 2017;Conag et al, 2018).…”

Section: Proximate Analysissupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The percentage of mass yield decreased with the increase in the operating temperature. This trend is consistent with the findings in the literature (Samad, Jamin, & Saleh, 2017;Mohd Faizal et al, 2018;Conag, Villahermosa, Cabatingan, & Go, 2018). The highest mass yield was 91.65% for the torrefaction at 200 °C, the mildest temperature.…”

Section: Mass and Energy Yieldsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Torrefaction of Oil Palm Fronds (Opf) as a Potential Feedstock for Energy Production Processes

Thaim

Rasid

Ismail

2019

Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management

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Oil palm fronds (OPF) and trunks contribute the highest biomass availability compared with other oil palm wastes. At the moment, they are usually left on the ground around the plantation area to decompose naturally and fertilize the soil. Previous researchers have focused on torrefaction of wood residues and other agricultural biomass with less attention has been paid to the utilization of Malaysia’s biomass such as OPF. Therefore, in this study, torrefaction of OPF was conducted in a tubular reactor at temperatures between 200 and 300 °C and residence time of 30 min. The results reveal an improved heating value as the temperature was increased, from 16.81 to 20.32 MJ/kg after the torrefaction process. The van Krevelen diagram also proved that torrefaction OPF could be classified as an intermediate, between raw OPF and coal. This proves the potential of OPF as one of the alternative feedstocks for energy production process through torrefaction.

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Section: Proximate Analysissupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Mass and Energy Yieldsupporting

confidence: 93%

Torrefaction of Oil Palm Fronds (Opf) as a Potential Feedstock for Energy Production Processes

Thaim

Rasid

Ismail

2019

Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management

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“…The moisture content (MC) of CP and CH were 12.57% and 8.89%, respectively, which fall within the range of 8% to 15% required to produce strong and crack free briquettes 6 . Characteristics of raw CH and CP with reference to the reviewed papers in Table 2 do not comply with current standards for solid fuel applications in coal engines 19,23,24 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The raw and torrefied briquettes were analyzed for moisture content (MC), volatile matter (VM), ash content (AC), and fixed carbon (FC) in wet and dry basis according to the procedure of ASTM D1762–84 28 . In coal engines, fuels having fuel ratio (FR) values in the range 0.5 to 2.0, combustibility index (CI) values ranging between 12 and 23 MJ/kg; and VI values of at least 14.5 MJ/kg are recommended for application 20,23,24 . The Equations ) were used to determine the combustion indices.

italicFR = \frac{{italicFC}_{italicdb}}{{italicVM}_{italicdb}}

italicCI = \frac{{italicCV}_{italicdb}}{105 italicFR} \times ((), 115 - {AC}_{db})

italicVI = ([], \frac{{italicCV}_{italicdb} - 0.338 {italicFC}_{italicdb}}{{italicVM}_{italicdb} + {italicMC}_{italicdb}}) \times 100

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality enhancement of fuel briquette from cornhusk and cassava peel blends for co‐firing in coal thermal plant

Waheed

Akogun

2020

Int J Energy Res

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Summary This study was carried out to evaluate the physico‐mechanical and combustion indices of briquettes made from blends of cornhusk (CH) and cassava peel (CP). The CH and CP was torrefied at 200°C to 300°C and were mixed in the ratio 90/10 to 10/90 for briquette production using D‐optimal crossed design. The fuel application for co‐firing in coal engines was evaluated with fuel ratio, combustibility index and volatile ignitability. The findings revealed that the density, durability index and compressive strength of briquettes blend at 10/90 (CH/CP) torrefied at 300°C and water preconditioned, were respectively improved by 18.19, 2.98, and 32.25% compared with those for raw briquettes at 10/90 blend ratio. Furthermore, the fixed carbon and calorific value increased with the increase in the torrefaction temperature and time. The produced briquettes at the mixing ratios of 10/90 and 30/70 (CH/CP) torrefied at 300°C for at least 1 hour is sufficient for co‐firing in coal engines. The CH and CP wastes with low calorific value which are hitherto discarded could be used to produce briquettes with appropriate qualities attributes of alternative fuel source for heating applications.

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“…In addition to the intrinsic properties of neural stem cells, recent studies also demonstrated that the local microenvironment or “niche,” consisting of components such as growth factors, cytokines, and cell–cell contact, plays key roles in the neural stem cell fate determination [24, 30, 31]. It is also well documented that astrocytes constitute a major component of neural microenvironment in the central nervous system (CNS) [32]. Beyond providing nutrition, support, and protection to neurons under physiological conditions, astrocytes also play crucial roles in the CNS pathologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Astrocytic endothelin-1 overexpression promotes neural progenitor cells proliferation and differentiation into astrocytes via the Jak2/Stat3 pathway after stroke

Cheng

Yeung

Zhong

et al. 2019

J Neuroinflammation

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BackgroundEndothelin-1 (ET-1) is synthesized and upregulated in astrocytes under stroke. We previously demonstrated that transgenic mice over-expressing astrocytic ET-1 (GET-1) displayed more severe neurological deficits characterized by a larger infarct after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). ET-1 is a known vasoconstrictor, mitogenic, and a survival factor. However, it is unclear whether the observed severe brain damage in GET-1 mice post stroke is due to ET-1 dysregulation of neurogenesis by altering the stem cell niche.MethodsNon-transgenic (Ntg) and GET-1 mice were subjected to tMCAO with 1 h occlusion followed by long-term reperfusion (from day 1 to day 28). Neurological function was assessed using a four-point scale method. Infarct area and volume were determined by 2,3,5-triphenyltetra-zolium chloride staining. Neural stem cell (NSC) proliferation and migration in subventricular zone (SVZ) were evaluated by immunofluorescence double labeling of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), Ki67 and Sox2, Nestin, and Doublecortin (DCX). NSC differentiation in SVZ was evaluated using the following immunofluorescence double immunostaining: BrdU and neuron-specific nuclear protein (NeuN), BrdU and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Phospho-Stat3 (p-Stat3) expression detected by Western-blot and immunofluorescence staining.ResultsGET-1 mice displayed a more severe neurological deficit and larger infarct area after tMCAO injury. There was a significant increase of BrdU-labeled progenitor cell proliferation, which co-expressed with GFAP, at SVZ in the ipsilateral side of the GET-1 brain at 28 days after tMCAO. p-Stat3 expression was increased in both Ntg and GET-1 mice in the ischemia brain at 7 days after tMCAO. p-Stat3 expression was significantly upregulated in the ipsilateral side in the GET-1 brain than that in the Ntg brain at 7 days after tMCAO. Furthermore, GET-1 mice treated with AG490 (a JAK2/Stat3 inhibitor) sh owed a significant reduction in neurological deficit along with reduced infarct area and dwarfed astrocytic differentiation in the ipsilateral brain after tMCAO.ConclusionsThe data indicate that astrocytic endothelin-1 overexpression promotes progenitor stem cell proliferation and astr ocytic differentiation via the Jak2/Stat3 pathway.

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Energy densification of sugarcane leaves through torrefaction under minimized oxidative atmosphere

Cited by 51 publications

References 17 publications

Torrefaction of Oil Palm Fronds (Opf) as a Potential Feedstock for Energy Production Processes

Torrefaction of Oil Palm Fronds (Opf) as a Potential Feedstock for Energy Production Processes

Quality enhancement of fuel briquette from cornhusk and cassava peel blends for co‐firing in coal thermal plant

Astrocytic endothelin-1 overexpression promotes neural progenitor cells proliferation and differentiation into astrocytes via the Jak2/Stat3 pathway after stroke

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