Energy Crisis in Pakistan: Socio-Economic Implications and the Way Forward

Abstract

Pakistan has been trapped by a blend of problems such as political chaos, economic turmoil, social unrest, religious extremism, rampant corruption, unemployment, pervasive poverty, child labor, moral degeneration, etc. The energy crisis has added fuel to the fire; it has created many more socio-economic issues for the whole nation. This research study has highlighted the impact of the energy crisis in Pakistan particularly on its society and economy. It has enunciated that the energy crisis has deteriorated the social setup in Pakistan as it has disturbed the domestic routines, institutional schedules, health facilities, transportation system and educational procedures. Similarly, the crisis has pushed Pakistan into an economic decline. Most of the local and foreign investors have migrated to other states due to the non-availability of electricity, gas and petroleum products. Resultantly, Pakistan is experiencing the lowest ebb of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). Unannounced load-shedding has not only discouraged the industrialists but also has decreased the ratio of production- a severe setback to the rate of exports. Non-availability of energy has decreased the ratio of agricultural productivity that has a significant share in the gross domestic product (GDP) of Pakistan. The cottage industry has also fallen victim to the energy crisis. In this way, there is a restrained flight of foreign capital to the country. In the end, the study has recommended some policies which can be formulated and practiced by the ends of both the government and the public to discard the energy crisis.

Simulation based Analysis of Single Unit and Parallel Connected Three Phase AC Generator in QUEST Campus Larkana

“…Recently power crises are increasing day by day in Pakistan due to a shortage of energy resources and poor financial position to install new power projects for the production of electrical power to meet the demand as per requirement [1]. Educational institutions, hospitals, laboratories, industries, residential, and commercial consumers are facing power crises and very difficult to manage the workstations in absence of electrical power [2]. As shown in figure 01 the power demand in Pakistan.…”

“…Electricity for resident people of villages of Pakistan is not sufficient to run their home appliances and mostly solar systems have been installed to meet the requirement during day time but at night time energy storage system is required, so the cost will be increased and less illumination is received at night time [4,8]. The shortfall of electrical power is increasing day by day in Pakistan, cities are facing 6 to 8 hours of daily load shedding, villages are more than 12 hours in a day, and some of the villages are without electricity [2]. Hospitals, medical laboratories, institutions, industries, and large commercial offices have large loads and they have also required stand-by systems to run their loads at day and night time [9].…”

Development and Validation of Correlation Charts to Predict the Undisturbed Ground Temperature of Pakistan; a Step Toward Potential Geothermal Energy Exploration

“…Sustainability is the primary goal of the global energy market and responsible consumption of natural resources is a dire need of this era according to the United Nations Sustainable development goals [1]. Pakistan is rich in renewable energy resources, still it is facing energy crises like shortage of electricity and load shedding [2,3]. Also, to generate electricity it imports fuel which is a huge hindrance to its economic development.…”

The Development and Validation of Correlation Charts to Predict the Undisturbed Ground Temperature of Pakistan: A Step towards Potential Geothermal Energy Exploration

“…Moreover, responsible consumption of natural resources and renewable energy are the dire need of this era, according to the United Nation's Sustainable development goals [1]. Pakistan is rich in renewable energy resources, and still, it is facing energy crises like the shortage of electricity and load shedding [2,3]. Also, to generate electricity it imports fuel, which is a huge hindrance to its economic development.…”

“…Pakistan is located within the latitude and longitude of 30.37 • N, 69.34 • E with a land of about 800,000 km 2 . The northeast to southwest extent of the country is about 1700 km, and its East-West width is approximately 1000 km.…”