Energy coverage of ataköy-ambarlı municipal wastewater treatment plants by salinity gradient power

Zoungrana, Ali; Türk, Oruç Kaan; Çakmakçı, Mehmet

doi:10.1016/j.jwpe.2020.101552

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed that the efficiency of the RED system decreases mainly because of the resistance of the CEMs. Similar to all membrane processes, fouling and concentration polarization are the major problems with natural streams; the quality of the feed solution is an important and determining parameter in the RED power density 140 . Especially in long period operation with natural waters, pressure drops in the RED unit and fouling are major challenges 141 .…”

Section: Reverse Electrodialysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They reported that the RED‐RO combined processes could effectively decrease the energy consumption in RO and provide a better and alternative solution to handle the concentrated brine 155 . Effluents from advanced biological wastewater treatment plants 140 can also be used as a diluted solution in the RED unit. This effluent is generally discharged in the sea and hybrid systems combining an RED stack and a municipal wastewater treatment plant can contribute and generate energy to cover the energy demand of the plant.…”

Section: Reverse Electrodialysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This effluent is generally discharged in the sea and hybrid systems combining an RED stack and a municipal wastewater treatment plant can contribute and generate energy to cover the energy demand of the plant. Wastewater treatment plants with integrated UF or MBR units are ideals due to the quality of the effluent solutions which do not require any additional pretreatment and can be used directly in a RED unit as a diluted solution 140 …”

Section: Reverse Electrodialysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar to all membrane processes, fouling and concentration polarization are the major problems with natural streams; the quality of the feed solution is an important and determining parameter in the RED power density. 140 Especially in long period operation with natural waters, pressure drops in the RED unit and fouling are major challenges. 141 Some alternatives such as the improvement of the IEMs properties making them resistant to fouling through membrane modifications 142 and profiled membranes 133 can contribute to reducing the fouling effects in RED processes.…”

Section: Application Of Red With Real and Alternative Feed Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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From non‐renewable energy to renewable by harvesting salinity gradient power by reverse electrodialysis: A review

Zoungrana

Çakmakçı

2020

Int J Energy Res

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Summary Fossil fuel is scanty and negatively affects the earth by inducing climate change. As a result, alternative and renewable energy (RE) sources are being investigated to replace fossil fuel. Wind and solar energy are leaders in the RE market, but huge and accessible other energy sources such as salinity gradient power (SGP) exist and need to be collected to contribute to the global energy demand. SGP is mainly extracted with reverse electrodialysis (RED) and pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) systems. The applicability of RED‐SGP in a natural environment is the current challenge due to the low power density and the high Levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of the process. The properties of the ion‐exchange membranes (IEMs), the spacers, the feed solutions characteristics and salinity, and the electrodes are among the most important parameters that control the performance of RED‐SGP processes. New highly selective, conductive, and cost‐effective membranes are required to improve RED performance and reduce the produced energy cost. Alternatives feed solutions such as wastewaters and brine from desalination plants as well as hybrid RED such as RED combined to electrodialysis (ED), reverse osmosis (RO), or membrane distillation (MD) will result in cost‐effective water treatment and SGP extraction.

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Section: Reverse Electrodialysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reverse Electrodialysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reverse Electrodialysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Application Of Red With Real and Alternative Feed Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

From non‐renewable energy to renewable by harvesting salinity gradient power by reverse electrodialysis: A review

Zoungrana

Çakmakçı

2020

Int J Energy Res

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“…In the first RED researches, the power densities were very low, 0.05 W/m 2 [15], but it improved over time up to 6.7 W/m 2 [16] and is reaching very high values with the improvement of the process and the RED components, and the use of high salinity solutions such as brines can produce power densities up to 12 W/m 2 [17]. Besides, the efficiency of the generated power decreases rapidly when using natural feed water as feed solutions [18], unless the feed solutions follow some pretreatment standards [19]. Even though RED is among the highest energy efficiency techniques, it has a low energy return on investment (EROI).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of the reverse electrodialysis power output through the ratio of the feed solutions salinity

Zoungrana

Çakmakçı

2021

IET Renewable Power Gen

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A lab‐scale reverse electrodialysis module was constructed to highlight the optimal feed solutions concentration, the flow rate and their importance in improving the power density in reverse electrodialysis. The results showed that the increase of the feed solutions flow rate is beneficial by augmenting the power output, but too high flow rate harms the process performance. Even though the highest power density (0.54 W/m2) was obtained at 60 mL/min with 4 and 428 mm feed solutions, the optimal flow rate determined by this study was 30–45 mL/min. It has been discovered that the variation of NaCl concentration in the low compartment was more sensible in affecting the reverse electrodialysis performance compared to the high compartment solution. The NaCl concentration of 6 and 684 mm appeared to be the optimal values for low compartment and high compartment solutions, respectively, for high performance and efficient power generation with reverse electrodialysis using seawater and river. When 1/3 of the minimum flow rate of the Ceyhan River running into the Mediterranean Sea is operated in the reverse electrodialysis system, at least 17.18 × 106 KWh electrical energy was estimated to be generated per year, with a power density of 0.705 m2/W.

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Multilayered membrane spacer: does it enhance solution mixing?

Al‐Amshawee

Yunus

Dakhil

2023

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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The present review systematically investigates and illustrates the effect of multilayered membrane spacers on the features of fluid dynamics that influence all performance metrics. Multilayer spacers are frequently composed of three sets of filaments (i.e., top, middle, and bottom layers), which has the benefit of increasing mass transfer and decreasing membrane surface fouling when compared to ordinary monolayer (e.g., extruded spacer) and two‐layer spacers. The review found that the multilayer spacer's middle layer disperses primary flow to the thin side spacers placed near the membrane's surfaces. The thin side spacers will then form narrow passageways to keep the solution in situ for as long as mass transfer is achievable. The employment of thin spacers close to the membranes at satisfactory operational conditions (e.g., adequate flow velocity) results in swirling flows and incorporation of transverse and longitudinal eddies near to the membranes, reducing the boundary layer's width and making the associated ion concentration domain at the membranes much more consistent. The concept and implementation of multilayer geometry in feed channels appears to be promising, since a multilayered spacer can function at a lower maximum flow velocity than normal two‐layer spacers, saving operational energy while minimizing concentration gradients at the membrane surfaces. Furthermore, the multilayer structure's durability and mechanical strength may help to reduce membrane deformation and maintain long processes. Future studies might look at significantly reducing spacer thickness for industrial uses. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).

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Energy coverage of ataköy-ambarlı municipal wastewater treatment plants by salinity gradient power

Cited by 7 publications

References 32 publications

From non‐renewable energy to renewable by harvesting salinity gradient power by reverse electrodialysis: A review

From non‐renewable energy to renewable by harvesting salinity gradient power by reverse electrodialysis: A review

Optimization of the reverse electrodialysis power output through the ratio of the feed solutions salinity

Multilayered membrane spacer: does it enhance solution mixing?

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