Energy Consumption of the Urban Transport Fleet in UNESCO World Heritage Sites: A Case Study of Ávila (Spain)

Santos-Iglesia, Carlos; Fernández‐Arias, Pablo; Antón‐Sancho, Álvaro; Vergara, Diego

doi:10.3390/su14095641

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(60 reference statements)

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“…Deforestation accounts for 11% of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The Conference on Climate Change of the United Nations, celebrated in Paris in 2015, established the aim of limiting the temperature increase in the 21st century to below 1.5 degrees Celsius [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bibliometric Review and Technical Summary of PWR Small Modular Reactors

2023

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Given the real problem of climate change and the consequent need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, nuclear energy can be considered a real technological option in the absence of a technology that can supply the population with sufficient electrical energy in a sustainable way. The research and development advances of new nuclear reactor designs are evident in the case of Small Modular Reactor (SMR) technology. Two goals are clear in such a technology: (i) reducing onsite construction costs and time; (ii) promoting economic efficiency through the mass production of nuclear reactors. In view of the interest generated by this technology, a technical summary of PWR-SMR design is included in this paper, utilizing the scientific method based on: (i) a bibliometric review of scientific publications related to SMRs; and (ii) a technical analysis of aspects of the different PWR-SMR designs. The results obtained in the present research show a growing interest on the part of the scientific community in research on PWR reactors integrated within SMR designs. Few countries are doing research in this area; however, those that are doing so have achieved greater technological advances in their designs, resulting in greater technological variety and a higher degree of maturity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bibliometric Review and Technical Summary of PWR Small Modular Reactors

2023

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“…By harnessing the power of AI, ANNs can contribute to the classification, conservation, and sustainable development of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. While there have been many studies [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] conducted on these sites using traditional research methods, the classification of these structures using artificial intelligence (AI) still offers a unique perspective.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harmonizing Heritage and Artificial Neural Networks: The Role of Sustainable Tourism in UNESCO World Heritage Sites

Bozkurt,

Şeker

2023

Sustainability

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The classification of the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Sites (WHS) is essential for promoting sustainable tourism and ensuring the long-term conservation of cultural and natural heritage sites. Therefore, two commonly used techniques for classification problems, multilayer perceptron (MLP) and radial basis function (RBF) neural networks, were utilized to define the pros and cons of their applications. Then, according to the findings, both correlation attribute evaluator (CAE) and relief attribute evaluator (RAE) identified the region and date of inscription as the most prominent features in the classification of UNESCO WHS. As a result, a trade-off condition arises when classifying a large dataset for sustainable tourism between MLP and RBF regarding evaluation time and accuracy. MLP achieves a slightly higher accuracy rate with higher processing time, while RBF achieves a slightly lower accuracy rate but with much faster evaluation time.

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