Energy consumption in the production of high-brightness light-emitting diodes

Matthews, Deanna H.; Matthews, H. Scott; Jaramillo, Paulina; Weber, Christopher L.

doi:10.1109/issst.2009.5156691

Cited by 9 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In this review, 13 life cycle assessment studies are analyzed and their assumptions and outcomes are compared. Two of those studies are single case studies, including a full life cycle assessment of an indoor LED downlight luminaire (T€ ahk€ am€ o et al, 2013) and a gate-to-gate study for LED-chip manufacturing (Matthews et al, 2009). One supplementary study includes detailed process description for color converter manufacturing (Pradal et al, 2013).…”

Section: Life Cycle Inventories For All Lamp Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Leiden, The Netherlands, 2016), (c) Eco-indicator 99 (Baumann and Tillmann, 2004), (d) TRACI (Bare et al, 2002), (e) ILCD 2011 (Wolf et al, 2012), (f) GaBi (GaBi, 2016), (g) SimaPro (SimaPro, 2016), and (h) Umberto (Schmidt & H€ auslein, 1996), including up to 16 impact categories each. Some of the studies solely include the primary energy demand (Navigant, 2012 Part 1) and the final electricity consumption in a gate-to-gate assessment (Matthews et al, 2009).…”

Section: Life Cycle Inventories For All Lamp Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LED-package, 1 mm 2 /die 50 lm/die (2011), 160 lm/die (2015) Literature review and summary of (Matthews et al, 2009), (Quirk, 2009), (Osram, 2009) The chosen functional unit is an indicator for the comparability of LCIA results of different studies. The applied functional units are (a) n £ (lm £ h), (b) n £ h, (c) 1 lm for n £ h, (d) 1 lux for n £ h, and (e) 1 km lit road, whereby n is a variable parameter.…”

Section: Life Cycle Inventories For All Lamp Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The masses of the street lamps were scaled up from data of indoor CMH and LED-lamps, investigated by Navigant (2009). LED-lamp inventory data were taken from Navigant (2009), Matthews et al, (2009), andHartley et al, (2009). The electricity scenarios were modeled with natural gas grid, stand-alone photovoltaic panels with and without battery recycling.…”

Section: Comments To Study Assumptions and Statementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Critical review on life cycle inventories and environmental assessments of LED-lamps

Franz

Wenzl

2017

Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology

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Resource scarcity, hazardous waste, and climate change are the driving forces for developing energy efficient and low-toxic lighting sources. Currently, solid state lighting based on lightemitting diodes is expected to become the most dominant lighting technology of the future, mostly driven by its advantage with respect to energy efficiency. Parallel to the ongoing development of light-emitting diode-based lighting sources, a number of single case and comparative life cycle assessment studies of LED-lamps and components in varying study settings were carried out. However, these studies mostly rely to specific lamp designs, which limits general conclusions. This work includes a summary of the global market of lighting and LEDlamp technologies, followed by a comprehensive review and comparison of published life cycle assessment studies. In addition, we take also some aspects, which are relevant for the well-being of an end-user and which are usually not treated in life cycle assessment studies, like glare and health issues, into consideration. A critical interpretation of the assumptions and outcomes of these studies is given and questions that remain unsettled and therefore should be addressed in future studies are discussed.

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Section: Life Cycle Inventories For All Lamp Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Life Cycle Inventories For All Lamp Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Life Cycle Inventories For All Lamp Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comments To Study Assumptions and Statementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Critical review on life cycle inventories and environmental assessments of LED-lamps

Franz

Wenzl

2017

Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology

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“…LEDs can potentially replace conventional light sources due to the advantages of the former over the latter [4]. Such advantages include lower power consumption; lower input voltage; luminous efficacy [5]; lower start-up time; easy control; monochromatic property; and longer life span [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimisation of red light-emitting diodes irradiance for illuminating mixed microalgal culture to treat municipal wastewater

Mohammed

Ahammad

Sallis

et al. 2013

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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This paper evaluates the effect of variation in red light-emitting diodes (LEDs) irradiance on the growth rate and biomass productivity of a mixed culture of microalgae grown on synthetic municipal wastewater, with and without CO 2 addition. Red LEDs were used to illuminate microalgal culture from the centre of 21-L stirred-tank photobioreactors made of transparent Plexiglas, each reactor having a working volume of 16 L. The reactors were operated in batch mode with pH control, and under continuous illumination for 30 days at ambient temperature. Mixing was achieved through the use of overhead mechanical stirrers operated at 100±1 and 60±1 revolution per minute, before and after the addition of CO 2 , respectively. Three average values of irradiance of 429.9, 582.7 and 730 .8 µmol.s -1 .m -2 were used to illuminate the reactors, with a control reactor operated in the dark. CO 2 addition resulted in about two-fold increase in biomass productivity in all the experimental reactors. The bioreactor with medium irradiance yielded the highest biomass productivity and maximum specific growth rate of 0.034 g.L -1.d -1 and 0.109 d -1 , respectively. The findings in this study show that both microalgal growth rate and biomass productivity are not always directly proportional to irradiance, despite the influence of process and operational parameters. Furthermore, a medium amount of irradiance resulted in optimum growth and productivity of the mixed microalgal culture.

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Manufacturing and the Science of Sustainability

Gutowski

2011

Glocalized Solutions for Sustainability in Manufacturing

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A new area, called Sustainability Science, is engaging large system scientists to address the challenges that face the future of human society on planet earth. In this paper, the methods and frameworks of diverse disciplines are reviewed and compared with those of the manufacturing community. The results show significant differences between disciplines, including the level of urgency expressed. Synthesizing these divergent viewpoints, this paper makes suggestions for needed research on "sustainable manufacturing". The main message is that manufacturing needs to significantly increase the boundaries of its analysis to be able to understand its effect at the global scale.

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Energy consumption in the production of high-brightness light-emitting diodes

Cited by 9 publications

References 2 publications

Critical review on life cycle inventories and environmental assessments of LED-lamps

Critical review on life cycle inventories and environmental assessments of LED-lamps

Optimisation of red light-emitting diodes irradiance for illuminating mixed microalgal culture to treat municipal wastewater

Manufacturing and the Science of Sustainability

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