Energy consumption in agriculture transportation operations

Jokiniemi, Tapani; Suokannas, Antti; Ahokas, Jukka

doi:10.1016/j.eaef.2015.11.001

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Theoretical models for energy consumption of each method were built by using processing power equations provided by ASABE (ASABE 2011a, b), combined with basic motion and energy equations, to assess the energy requirement of propulsion of the machines or tractor-implement combinations. The effect of engine load on the engine efficiency and hence on the fuel consumption of the methods presented above was assessed by the aid of brake specific fuel consumption map provided by Jokiniemi et al (2016). Field tests were conducted to verify the literature information and to validate the model results.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…with q = fuel consumption [l] with E = energy required for work and propulsion [kWh] with BSFC = brake specific fuel consumption [g kWh -1 ] with = fuel density [850 g l -1 ] Figure 2 presents a typical brake specific fuel consumption map of agricultural tractor engine (Jokiniemi et al 2016).…”

Section: Brake Specific Fuel Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the TPFH method on the farm 2, the fuel consumption information was captured and recorded from the tractor CAN bus with a Kvaser Memorator HS/HS CAN bus interface and datalogger (Kvaser Europe AB, Mölndal, Sweden). Previous studies indicate that the precision and accuracy of the fuel consumption data in the CAN bus is adequate for purposes such as life cycle assessments (Udompetaikul et al 2011, Jokiniemi et al 2016). The fuel consumption data was associated to field plots by the aid of manual bookkeeping.…”

Section: Field Data Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comprehensive model for predicting the fuel consumption in various harvesting methods of grass silage

Jokiniemi¹,

Mikkola²,

Hakojärvi³

et al. 2021

AFSci

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Fuel consumption of various forage harvesting methods was assessed with a theoretical calculation model, which was validated with field measurements. The examined harvesting methods were tractor-powered forage harvester (TPFH), self-propelled forage harvester (SPFH), self-loading forage wagon (SLFW), and combined baling and wrapping (CBW). The results from the field measurements indicated that the model was working either well or satisfactorily with the examined methods, apart from the CBW method, which would require redefining the model coefficients. Model sensitivity analysis indicated that variables such as yield level, working width, and transportation distance have a significant effect on fuel consumption. When the working width was increased from 3 m to 9 m, the fuel consumption of the examined methods decreased ca. 54–61%. Increasing the working width by windrowing was found recommended for all examined methods. In all, the most energy-efficient method was SLFW, but it was also most sensitive to transportation distance. With a transportation distance of 10 km, the fuel consumption of the SLFW method was already 9–11 % higher compared to that of TPFH and SPFH methods. The strong effect of these variables may cause a wide variation in the fuel consumption of the examined methods, but the model can be used to standardize this effect. The results from this study can thus be used for approximate estimations of average fuel consumption of the examined forage harvesting methods.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Brake Specific Fuel Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Field Data Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comprehensive model for predicting the fuel consumption in various harvesting methods of grass silage

Jokiniemi¹,

Mikkola²,

Hakojärvi³

et al. 2021

AFSci

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“…The energy required to travel in a distance is the product of applied force and distance. In a vehicle, the applied force is equal to the sum of rolling resistance, aerodynamic drag, and gradient force when it is at a constant speed [27]. The majority of the roads where sugarcane cultivation areas in Sri Lanka are earthen roads.…”

Section: Theoretical Energy Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Approach to Minimize Energy Requirements and Maximize Biomass Utilization of the Sugarcane Harvesting System in Sri Lanka

Ariyawansha

Abeyrathna²,

Kulasekara³

et al. 2020

Energies

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Sugarcane harvesting requires a significant amount of energy and time to manage dry leaves after the harvesting process. Therefore, the objective of this study was to minimize the energy requirement to process the cane and dry leaves’ harvesting (CDLH) for sugarcane while, at the same time, maximizing sugar production from cane and energy from dry leaves in Sri Lanka. The CDLH was conceptualized using a novel approach to optimize sugarcane harvesting to maximize biomass supply for energy production while reducing supply chain sugar-loss. The CDLH was investigated for manual harvesting capacity, energy consumption, sugar loss, and biomass energy potential. It was observed that CDLH consumed higher energy compared to the present practices of harvesting. However, the energy used for fieldwork was reduced because of the shifting of cane chopping and cleaning from the field to the factory. Low bulk density of the harvested cane of the CDLH system had a higher energy requirement in transportation. Comparatively, CDLH showed higher biomass energy potential and less sugar loss. High energy potential increases the energy potential to consumption ratio compared to the existing method. Therefore, the theoretical evaluation showed that the CDLH system can produce more than 20 kg of sugar and 879 MJ of electricity when processing 1 t of sugarcane.

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“…Low temperatures have positive influence on the quality of biological materials, but require longer processing time. There are many different applications of drying for the agricultural [4][5][6] purposes. Problems of natural drying applied to drying of special plants are solved also in some scientific publications, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drying process by forced convection of clover

Kic¹

2017

Engineering for Rural Development

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Abstract. The aim of this paper is to inform about the experimental and theoretical investigations of red clover (Trifolium pratense) drying by forced convection. This research is focused on verification of influence of different air velocities on the drying process of red clover in thin layer in mild temperatures (22 ºC) and rather high relative humidity of air (70 %). The initial moisture content of clover was determined by gravimetric method using the hot air drying in the electric oven. Special device for convection drying with air flow passing through material from the bottom through supporting trays with a sieve (dimensions of mesh 3x4 mm) by constant temperature was used for drying when the air velocity was 0 m·s -1 , 0.7 m·s -1 , 1 m·s -1 , 1.2 m·s -1 and 2.0 m·s -1 . Changes of clover samples were determined from the measured values of weight using the gravimetric methods. The evaluation of the measurement results was focused on the curves of the drying rate, changes in the water content and changes of moisture depending on the time and their mutual relations, which are important for description of drying. To achieve humidity of 55 %, which would correspond to a request for storage in the form of red clover haylage (DM 45 %), drying by forced convection for 20 hours is sufficient, in the case of drying by natural convection with zero velocity it would require 40 hours. The experimental data create the background for calculation of the main parameters useful for description and modelling of the drying process, e.g., for decision of the optimum drying time.Keywords: air, drying time, forced drying, natural drying, moisture. IntroductionRed clover (Trifolium pratense) is widely grown as a fodder crop, valued for its high protein and minerals content, therefore it is sown for feeding cattle. It is also very useful in the system of crop rotation. It is because its nitrogen fixation, which increases soil fertility. The big advantage of clover is that in the Czech Republic it is growing in almost all altitudes. Red clover is most often harvested and conserved as hay, but can also be made into haylage or silage. The differences are according to the moisture or dry matter (DM) content.Red clover, if properly harvested and stored, provides high-quality forage. Red clover is most often stored as haylage since it is difficult to store it as dry hay. Small particles of dry leaves in hay create dust and increase losses of feed material. DM is one of the fundamental characteristics in conservation of red clover [1; 2]. The DM content in fresh plants varies depending on the weather and on phenophases (age) in a wide range from 11 to 25 %. At the younger vegetation the DM content of red clover is lower, which requires long drying, but there is also a lower fibre content and improved digestibility of forage. During conservation it is necessary to increase the amount of dry matter at least to 35 % (preferably 40 %) for the production of silage (suitable technological process using horizontal or tower silos). The economic ...

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Energy consumption in agriculture transportation operations

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

Comprehensive model for predicting the fuel consumption in various harvesting methods of grass silage

Comprehensive model for predicting the fuel consumption in various harvesting methods of grass silage

A Novel Approach to Minimize Energy Requirements and Maximize Biomass Utilization of the Sugarcane Harvesting System in Sri Lanka

Drying process by forced convection of clover

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