Energy Consumption Calculation of Civil Buildings in Regional Integrated Energy Systems: A Review of Characteristics, Methods and Application Prospects

Abstract

Civil buildings play a critical role in urban energy consumption. The energy consumption of civil buildings significantly affects energy allocation and conservation management within regional integrated energy systems (RIESs). This paper first analyzes the influencing factors of civil building energy consumption, as well as the energy consumption characteristics of different types of buildings such as office buildings, shopping malls, hospitals, hotels, and residential buildings. Subsequently, it reviews methodologies for calculating operational energy consumption, offering valuable insights for the optimization and strategic adjustments of an RIES. Finally, the paper assesses the application potential of these calculation methods within an RIES and discusses the future development trend of calculating civil building energy consumption.